Dopamine Appetite and Cognitive Impairment in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
The underlying defects in ADHD (Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) are not yet clear. The current paper tests three existing theories: State Regulation, Cognitive Deficit, and Temporal Difference (TD) learning. We present computational simulations of the Matching Familiar Figures Task and com...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2004-01-01
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| Series: | Neural Plasticity |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/NP.2004.115 |
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| Summary: | The underlying defects in ADHD (Attention
Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) are not yet clear.
The current paper tests three existing theories:
State Regulation, Cognitive Deficit, and
Temporal Difference (TD) learning. We present
computational simulations of the Matching
Familiar Figures Task and compare these with
the experimental results reported by Sonuga-
Barke (2002). The TD model contains four
parameters: the learning rate, discounting for
future rewards, brittleness (randomness) of
behavior, and action bias. The results show that
the basic TD model accounts well for control
performance in trials of 5 sec, 10 sec, and 15 sec
duration; but not for the deficits in ADHD
performance at 5 sec and 15 sec. Extending the
TD model to incorporate either a state
regulation deficit, or working memory deficit
and delay in starting trials, can provide a good
account of both control and ADHD results, at
all trial-lengths. We discuss the significance of
the results for theories of ADHD and make
suggestions for future experimentation. |
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| ISSN: | 2090-5904 1687-5443 |