Estimates of the prevalence of male circumcision in sub-Saharan Africa from 2010-2023-A systematic review and meta-analysis.

<h4>Background</h4>Male circumcision (MC) is a key part of the package of interventions to prevent HIV, the biggest health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa.<h4>Objective</h4>To estimate the male circumcision prevalence and to evaluate the progress towards meeting WHO targets i...

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Main Authors: Basant Elsayed, Mohamed Elmarasi, Ruvarashe J Madzime, Lovemore Mapahla, Menatalla M S ElBadway, Tawanda Chivese
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2024-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0298387&type=printable
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author Basant Elsayed
Mohamed Elmarasi
Ruvarashe J Madzime
Lovemore Mapahla
Menatalla M S ElBadway
Tawanda Chivese
author_facet Basant Elsayed
Mohamed Elmarasi
Ruvarashe J Madzime
Lovemore Mapahla
Menatalla M S ElBadway
Tawanda Chivese
author_sort Basant Elsayed
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Background</h4>Male circumcision (MC) is a key part of the package of interventions to prevent HIV, the biggest health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa.<h4>Objective</h4>To estimate the male circumcision prevalence and to evaluate the progress towards meeting WHO targets in sub-Saharan Africa during the period 2010-2023.<h4>Methods</h4>We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published during the period 2010-2023. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, Google Scholar, WHO and the Demographic and Health Survey for reports on MC prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa. MC prevalence was synthesized using inverse-variance heterogeneity models, heterogeneity using I2 statistics and publication bias using funnel plots.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 53 studies were included. The overall prevalence during the study period was 45.9% (95% CI 32.3-59.8), with a higher MC prevalence in Eastern (69.9%, 95%CI 49.9-86.8) compared to Southern African (33.3%, 95%CI 21.7-46.2). The overall prevalence was higher in urban (45.3%, 95%CI 27.7-63.4) compared to rural settings (42.6%, 95% 26.5-59.5). Male circumcision prevalence increased from 40.2% (95% CI 25.0-56.3) during 2010-2015 to 56.2% (95% CI 31.5-79.5) during 2016-2023. Three countries exceeded 80% MC coverage, namely, Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Overall, the current MC prevalence is below 50%, with higher prevalence in Eastern African countries and substantially lower prevalence in Southern Africa. Most of the priority countries need to do more to scale up medical male circumcision programs.
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spelling doaj-art-3bc68c0e6a434847a25959fbab8b4ffa2025-08-20T02:39:18ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032024-01-01193e029838710.1371/journal.pone.0298387Estimates of the prevalence of male circumcision in sub-Saharan Africa from 2010-2023-A systematic review and meta-analysis.Basant ElsayedMohamed ElmarasiRuvarashe J MadzimeLovemore MapahlaMenatalla M S ElBadwayTawanda Chivese<h4>Background</h4>Male circumcision (MC) is a key part of the package of interventions to prevent HIV, the biggest health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa.<h4>Objective</h4>To estimate the male circumcision prevalence and to evaluate the progress towards meeting WHO targets in sub-Saharan Africa during the period 2010-2023.<h4>Methods</h4>We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published during the period 2010-2023. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, Google Scholar, WHO and the Demographic and Health Survey for reports on MC prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa. MC prevalence was synthesized using inverse-variance heterogeneity models, heterogeneity using I2 statistics and publication bias using funnel plots.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 53 studies were included. The overall prevalence during the study period was 45.9% (95% CI 32.3-59.8), with a higher MC prevalence in Eastern (69.9%, 95%CI 49.9-86.8) compared to Southern African (33.3%, 95%CI 21.7-46.2). The overall prevalence was higher in urban (45.3%, 95%CI 27.7-63.4) compared to rural settings (42.6%, 95% 26.5-59.5). Male circumcision prevalence increased from 40.2% (95% CI 25.0-56.3) during 2010-2015 to 56.2% (95% CI 31.5-79.5) during 2016-2023. Three countries exceeded 80% MC coverage, namely, Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Overall, the current MC prevalence is below 50%, with higher prevalence in Eastern African countries and substantially lower prevalence in Southern Africa. Most of the priority countries need to do more to scale up medical male circumcision programs.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0298387&type=printable
spellingShingle Basant Elsayed
Mohamed Elmarasi
Ruvarashe J Madzime
Lovemore Mapahla
Menatalla M S ElBadway
Tawanda Chivese
Estimates of the prevalence of male circumcision in sub-Saharan Africa from 2010-2023-A systematic review and meta-analysis.
PLoS ONE
title Estimates of the prevalence of male circumcision in sub-Saharan Africa from 2010-2023-A systematic review and meta-analysis.
title_full Estimates of the prevalence of male circumcision in sub-Saharan Africa from 2010-2023-A systematic review and meta-analysis.
title_fullStr Estimates of the prevalence of male circumcision in sub-Saharan Africa from 2010-2023-A systematic review and meta-analysis.
title_full_unstemmed Estimates of the prevalence of male circumcision in sub-Saharan Africa from 2010-2023-A systematic review and meta-analysis.
title_short Estimates of the prevalence of male circumcision in sub-Saharan Africa from 2010-2023-A systematic review and meta-analysis.
title_sort estimates of the prevalence of male circumcision in sub saharan africa from 2010 2023 a systematic review and meta analysis
url https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0298387&type=printable
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