Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation in Postnatal Growth Restricted Rats Does Not Normalize Lung Function or PPARγ Activity

The development of BPD in preterm neonates is increased by poor growth and nutritional deficits. The involvement of the fatty acid DHA in the development of BPD has been a focus for over a decade. However, recent clinical trials show that isolated DHA supplementation may increase BPD in subgroups of...

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Main Authors: Adrienne J. Cohen, Wesley R. Chidester, Daniel T. Wray, Nicolette Jessen, Aimee Jones, Cheylah Bitsui, James Zhao, J. Alan Maschek, James E. Cox, Camilia R. Martin, Lisa A. Joss-Moore
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Biomolecules
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/4/551
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author Adrienne J. Cohen
Wesley R. Chidester
Daniel T. Wray
Nicolette Jessen
Aimee Jones
Cheylah Bitsui
James Zhao
J. Alan Maschek
James E. Cox
Camilia R. Martin
Lisa A. Joss-Moore
author_facet Adrienne J. Cohen
Wesley R. Chidester
Daniel T. Wray
Nicolette Jessen
Aimee Jones
Cheylah Bitsui
James Zhao
J. Alan Maschek
James E. Cox
Camilia R. Martin
Lisa A. Joss-Moore
author_sort Adrienne J. Cohen
collection DOAJ
description The development of BPD in preterm neonates is increased by poor growth and nutritional deficits. The involvement of the fatty acid DHA in the development of BPD has been a focus for over a decade. However, recent clinical trials show that isolated DHA supplementation may increase BPD in subgroups of preterm neonates. One explanation for poor lung outcomes in DHA-supplemented neonates is a disruption of global fatty acid profiles and increased expression of a dominant-negative splice variant of a key driver of lung development, PPARγ. We previously developed a rat model of postnatal growth restriction (PGR) in which pups have impaired lung function and altered PPARγ activity. Here, we use our PGR rat model to assess the effects of DHA supplementation on lung outcomes. We hypothesize that the PPARγ splice variant, PPARγΔ5, will be expressed in the rat lung, and that DHA supplementation of PGR rat pups will alter circulating lipid profiles, lung mechanics, and PPARγ variant expression. Our findings demonstrate that PPARγΔ5 is expressed in the developing rat lung and that DHA supplementation of PGR rat pups alters global circulating fatty-acid profiles and does not normalize PGR-induced impaired lung mechanics or PPARγ activity.
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spelling doaj-art-3bc5e3f29eaf49d39e46a6f5f0247b762025-08-20T03:14:17ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2025-04-0115455110.3390/biom15040551Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation in Postnatal Growth Restricted Rats Does Not Normalize Lung Function or PPARγ ActivityAdrienne J. Cohen0Wesley R. Chidester1Daniel T. Wray2Nicolette Jessen3Aimee Jones4Cheylah Bitsui5James Zhao6J. Alan Maschek7James E. Cox8Camilia R. Martin9Lisa A. Joss-Moore10Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USADepartment of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USADepartment of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USADepartment of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USADepartment of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USADepartment of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USADepartment of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USAHealth Science Center Cores, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USAHealth Science Center Cores, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USADivision of Neonatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USADepartment of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USAThe development of BPD in preterm neonates is increased by poor growth and nutritional deficits. The involvement of the fatty acid DHA in the development of BPD has been a focus for over a decade. However, recent clinical trials show that isolated DHA supplementation may increase BPD in subgroups of preterm neonates. One explanation for poor lung outcomes in DHA-supplemented neonates is a disruption of global fatty acid profiles and increased expression of a dominant-negative splice variant of a key driver of lung development, PPARγ. We previously developed a rat model of postnatal growth restriction (PGR) in which pups have impaired lung function and altered PPARγ activity. Here, we use our PGR rat model to assess the effects of DHA supplementation on lung outcomes. We hypothesize that the PPARγ splice variant, PPARγΔ5, will be expressed in the rat lung, and that DHA supplementation of PGR rat pups will alter circulating lipid profiles, lung mechanics, and PPARγ variant expression. Our findings demonstrate that PPARγΔ5 is expressed in the developing rat lung and that DHA supplementation of PGR rat pups alters global circulating fatty-acid profiles and does not normalize PGR-induced impaired lung mechanics or PPARγ activity.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/4/551lung developmentgrowth restrictionbronchopulmonary dysplasiaDHAPPARγalternative splicing
spellingShingle Adrienne J. Cohen
Wesley R. Chidester
Daniel T. Wray
Nicolette Jessen
Aimee Jones
Cheylah Bitsui
James Zhao
J. Alan Maschek
James E. Cox
Camilia R. Martin
Lisa A. Joss-Moore
Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation in Postnatal Growth Restricted Rats Does Not Normalize Lung Function or PPARγ Activity
Biomolecules
lung development
growth restriction
bronchopulmonary dysplasia
DHA
PPARγ
alternative splicing
title Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation in Postnatal Growth Restricted Rats Does Not Normalize Lung Function or PPARγ Activity
title_full Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation in Postnatal Growth Restricted Rats Does Not Normalize Lung Function or PPARγ Activity
title_fullStr Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation in Postnatal Growth Restricted Rats Does Not Normalize Lung Function or PPARγ Activity
title_full_unstemmed Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation in Postnatal Growth Restricted Rats Does Not Normalize Lung Function or PPARγ Activity
title_short Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation in Postnatal Growth Restricted Rats Does Not Normalize Lung Function or PPARγ Activity
title_sort docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in postnatal growth restricted rats does not normalize lung function or pparγ activity
topic lung development
growth restriction
bronchopulmonary dysplasia
DHA
PPARγ
alternative splicing
url https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/4/551
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