Antimalarial Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract and Fraction of Bidens pilosa against Plasmodium berghei (ANKA)
Background. Malaria is one of the most critical diseases causing about 219 million cases worldwide in developing countries. The spread and development of resistance against chemical antimalarial drugs is one of the major problems associated with malaria control. The present study was to investigate...
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Wiley
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Parasitology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8832724 |
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| author | Noumedem Anangmo Christelle Nadia Yamssi Cédric Simeni Njonnou Sylvain Raoul Ngongang Ouankou Christian Mounvera Abdel Azizi Gangueu Djape Clotilde Diane Vanessa Rosine Nkouayep Yondo Jeanette Tsila Henri Gabriel Mpoame Mbida |
| author_facet | Noumedem Anangmo Christelle Nadia Yamssi Cédric Simeni Njonnou Sylvain Raoul Ngongang Ouankou Christian Mounvera Abdel Azizi Gangueu Djape Clotilde Diane Vanessa Rosine Nkouayep Yondo Jeanette Tsila Henri Gabriel Mpoame Mbida |
| author_sort | Noumedem Anangmo Christelle Nadia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. Malaria is one of the most critical diseases causing about 219 million cases worldwide in developing countries. The spread and development of resistance against chemical antimalarial drugs is one of the major problems associated with malaria control. The present study was to investigate the antimalarial efficacy of ethyl acetate extract and one fraction of Bidens pilosa in vivo in order to support the usage of this plant by traditional healers to treat malaria. Methods. The extracts were prepared by maceration of B. pilosa leaf powder in ethyl acetate. The liquid filtrate of the extract and the best in vitro antiplasmodial fraction using HPLC were concentrated and evaporated using a rotavapor under vacuum to dryness. The antimalarial activity of B. pilosa plant products were evaluated in vivo against Plasmodium berghei infected mice according to the Peter and Rane test. The antimalarial efficacy of the a selected crude extract (ethyl acetate extract) was evaluated at 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg, while a selected fraction from ethyl acetate extract (fraction 12) was evaluated at 62.5 and 125 mg/kg. Blood from experimental animals was collected to assess hematological parameters. Results. The crude extract of ethyl acetate and fraction 12 demonstrated 100% in vivo parasite suppressive activity at doses of 500 mg/kg and 125 mg/kg, respectively, for the crude extract and fraction 12. The mice treated with 250 and 500 mg/kg had their parasitemia (intraerythrocytic phase of P. Berghei) drop considerably, disappearing by the 8th day in mice receiving 500 mg/kg. The ethyl acetate extract of B. pilosa, fraction 12 showed an even higher antiplasmodial activity. By the 5th day of the experiment, the treatment led to a modification of hematological parameters in mice. The chloroquine (5 mg/kg), fraction 12 (125 mg/kg), and the crude extract (500 mg/kg) groups all survived the 30 days of the experiment, while the negative control group registered 100% of the deaths. Conclusion. This study scientifically supports the use of Bidens pilosa leaves in the traditional treatment of malaria. However, the mode of action and in vivo toxicity of the plant still need to be assessed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3ba5599be39442b0ad2301a5e9a67ddb |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2090-0023 2090-0031 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Journal of Parasitology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-3ba5599be39442b0ad2301a5e9a67ddb2025-08-20T02:08:00ZengWileyJournal of Parasitology Research2090-00232090-00312020-01-01202010.1155/2020/88327248832724Antimalarial Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract and Fraction of Bidens pilosa against Plasmodium berghei (ANKA)Noumedem Anangmo Christelle Nadia0Yamssi Cédric1Simeni Njonnou Sylvain Raoul2Ngongang Ouankou Christian3Mounvera Abdel Azizi4Gangueu Djape Clotilde Diane5Vanessa Rosine Nkouayep6Yondo Jeanette7Tsila Henri Gabriel8Mpoame Mbida9Department of Microbiology, Haematology and Immunology Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 96, Dschang, CameroonDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bamenda, P.O. Box 39, Bambili, CameroonDepartment of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 96, Dschang, CameroonDepartment of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 96, Dschang, CameroonDepartment of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 067, Dschang, CameroonDepartment of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 067, Dschang, CameroonDepartment of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 067, Dschang, CameroonDepartment of Microbiology, Haematology and Immunology Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 96, Dschang, CameroonDepartment of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 067, Dschang, CameroonDepartment of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 067, Dschang, CameroonBackground. Malaria is one of the most critical diseases causing about 219 million cases worldwide in developing countries. The spread and development of resistance against chemical antimalarial drugs is one of the major problems associated with malaria control. The present study was to investigate the antimalarial efficacy of ethyl acetate extract and one fraction of Bidens pilosa in vivo in order to support the usage of this plant by traditional healers to treat malaria. Methods. The extracts were prepared by maceration of B. pilosa leaf powder in ethyl acetate. The liquid filtrate of the extract and the best in vitro antiplasmodial fraction using HPLC were concentrated and evaporated using a rotavapor under vacuum to dryness. The antimalarial activity of B. pilosa plant products were evaluated in vivo against Plasmodium berghei infected mice according to the Peter and Rane test. The antimalarial efficacy of the a selected crude extract (ethyl acetate extract) was evaluated at 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg, while a selected fraction from ethyl acetate extract (fraction 12) was evaluated at 62.5 and 125 mg/kg. Blood from experimental animals was collected to assess hematological parameters. Results. The crude extract of ethyl acetate and fraction 12 demonstrated 100% in vivo parasite suppressive activity at doses of 500 mg/kg and 125 mg/kg, respectively, for the crude extract and fraction 12. The mice treated with 250 and 500 mg/kg had their parasitemia (intraerythrocytic phase of P. Berghei) drop considerably, disappearing by the 8th day in mice receiving 500 mg/kg. The ethyl acetate extract of B. pilosa, fraction 12 showed an even higher antiplasmodial activity. By the 5th day of the experiment, the treatment led to a modification of hematological parameters in mice. The chloroquine (5 mg/kg), fraction 12 (125 mg/kg), and the crude extract (500 mg/kg) groups all survived the 30 days of the experiment, while the negative control group registered 100% of the deaths. Conclusion. This study scientifically supports the use of Bidens pilosa leaves in the traditional treatment of malaria. However, the mode of action and in vivo toxicity of the plant still need to be assessed.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8832724 |
| spellingShingle | Noumedem Anangmo Christelle Nadia Yamssi Cédric Simeni Njonnou Sylvain Raoul Ngongang Ouankou Christian Mounvera Abdel Azizi Gangueu Djape Clotilde Diane Vanessa Rosine Nkouayep Yondo Jeanette Tsila Henri Gabriel Mpoame Mbida Antimalarial Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract and Fraction of Bidens pilosa against Plasmodium berghei (ANKA) Journal of Parasitology Research |
| title | Antimalarial Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract and Fraction of Bidens pilosa against Plasmodium berghei (ANKA) |
| title_full | Antimalarial Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract and Fraction of Bidens pilosa against Plasmodium berghei (ANKA) |
| title_fullStr | Antimalarial Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract and Fraction of Bidens pilosa against Plasmodium berghei (ANKA) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimalarial Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract and Fraction of Bidens pilosa against Plasmodium berghei (ANKA) |
| title_short | Antimalarial Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract and Fraction of Bidens pilosa against Plasmodium berghei (ANKA) |
| title_sort | antimalarial activity of ethyl acetate extract and fraction of bidens pilosa against plasmodium berghei anka |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8832724 |
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