The Effect of Pesticide Formulation on the Characteristics of Air-Induction Sprays
Air-induction sprays are widely used for drift control; however, their disintegration mechanism is not yet fully understood. After exiting the nozzle, the liquid typically first forms a liquid sheet, which then breaks up into droplets. Therefore, a deep understanding of the liquid sheet of air-induc...
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/4/979 |
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| author | Mingzhi Yan Fujun Chen Chen Gong Can Kang |
| author_facet | Mingzhi Yan Fujun Chen Chen Gong Can Kang |
| author_sort | Mingzhi Yan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Air-induction sprays are widely used for drift control; however, their disintegration mechanism is not yet fully understood. After exiting the nozzle, the liquid typically first forms a liquid sheet, which then breaks up into droplets. Therefore, a deep understanding of the liquid sheet of air-induction sprays is essential for elucidating its disintegration mechanism. In this study, high-speed photography and image processing methods were employed to capture and measure the structure of the liquid sheet of air-induction sprays under different pesticide formulations. The effects of different pesticide formulations on the liquid sheet’s spreading angle, breakup length, and the behavior of bubbles within the liquid sheet were analyzed. The results indicate that compared to pure water, pesticide solutions significantly alter the liquid sheet’s spreading angle, length, and bubble size. Under oil-based emulsion conditions, the sheet length and bubble size decrease with increasing concentration, while the spreading angle is less affected. The oil phase in emulsions exhibits defoaming properties, reducing the number of large bubbles. Additionally, oil droplets contribute to the formation of perforations in the liquid sheet, leading to earlier breakup and shortening the sheet length. For suspensions, the variation in liquid sheet behavior is similar to that observed in oil-based emulsions, but its effect on bubble size is less pronounced. In aqueous solutions, bubble size decreases with increasing concentration, but the number of bubbles significantly increases. Moreover, the liquid sheet length and spreading angle increase markedly with concentration. Unlike oil-based emulsions and suspensions, which contain hydrophobic dispersed phases, aqueous solutions do not exhibit significant defoaming properties. Our work can provide a theoretical reference for the applications of air-induction sprays. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3b9841b6c775451f80487d8e3ffbabfc |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj-art-3b9841b6c775451f80487d8e3ffbabfc2025-08-20T03:14:23ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952025-04-0115497910.3390/agronomy15040979The Effect of Pesticide Formulation on the Characteristics of Air-Induction SpraysMingzhi Yan0Fujun Chen1Chen Gong2Can Kang3School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaAir-induction sprays are widely used for drift control; however, their disintegration mechanism is not yet fully understood. After exiting the nozzle, the liquid typically first forms a liquid sheet, which then breaks up into droplets. Therefore, a deep understanding of the liquid sheet of air-induction sprays is essential for elucidating its disintegration mechanism. In this study, high-speed photography and image processing methods were employed to capture and measure the structure of the liquid sheet of air-induction sprays under different pesticide formulations. The effects of different pesticide formulations on the liquid sheet’s spreading angle, breakup length, and the behavior of bubbles within the liquid sheet were analyzed. The results indicate that compared to pure water, pesticide solutions significantly alter the liquid sheet’s spreading angle, length, and bubble size. Under oil-based emulsion conditions, the sheet length and bubble size decrease with increasing concentration, while the spreading angle is less affected. The oil phase in emulsions exhibits defoaming properties, reducing the number of large bubbles. Additionally, oil droplets contribute to the formation of perforations in the liquid sheet, leading to earlier breakup and shortening the sheet length. For suspensions, the variation in liquid sheet behavior is similar to that observed in oil-based emulsions, but its effect on bubble size is less pronounced. In aqueous solutions, bubble size decreases with increasing concentration, but the number of bubbles significantly increases. Moreover, the liquid sheet length and spreading angle increase markedly with concentration. Unlike oil-based emulsions and suspensions, which contain hydrophobic dispersed phases, aqueous solutions do not exhibit significant defoaming properties. Our work can provide a theoretical reference for the applications of air-induction sprays.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/4/979air-induction nozzleliquid sheetpesticide formulationvisualization experiment |
| spellingShingle | Mingzhi Yan Fujun Chen Chen Gong Can Kang The Effect of Pesticide Formulation on the Characteristics of Air-Induction Sprays Agronomy air-induction nozzle liquid sheet pesticide formulation visualization experiment |
| title | The Effect of Pesticide Formulation on the Characteristics of Air-Induction Sprays |
| title_full | The Effect of Pesticide Formulation on the Characteristics of Air-Induction Sprays |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Pesticide Formulation on the Characteristics of Air-Induction Sprays |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Pesticide Formulation on the Characteristics of Air-Induction Sprays |
| title_short | The Effect of Pesticide Formulation on the Characteristics of Air-Induction Sprays |
| title_sort | effect of pesticide formulation on the characteristics of air induction sprays |
| topic | air-induction nozzle liquid sheet pesticide formulation visualization experiment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/4/979 |
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