Trends of infective endocarditis mortality in young adult population of US: A concerning rise and its association with substance abuse

Background: Substance Abuse (SA) is associated with Infective Endocarditis (IE) morbidity and mortality in the young adult population of the US. However, limited data is available for trends and disparities related to IE mortality and its association with SA in the young adult US population. Methods...

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Main Authors: Ali Bin Abdul Jabbar, Daniyal Ali Khan, May Li-Jedras, Amjad Kabach, Ahmed Aboeata
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:International Journal of Cardiology. Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277248752500042X
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author Ali Bin Abdul Jabbar
Daniyal Ali Khan
May Li-Jedras
Amjad Kabach
Ahmed Aboeata
author_facet Ali Bin Abdul Jabbar
Daniyal Ali Khan
May Li-Jedras
Amjad Kabach
Ahmed Aboeata
author_sort Ali Bin Abdul Jabbar
collection DOAJ
description Background: Substance Abuse (SA) is associated with Infective Endocarditis (IE) morbidity and mortality in the young adult population of the US. However, limited data is available for trends and disparities related to IE mortality and its association with SA in the young adult US population. Methods: Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research were analyzed from 1999 to 2022 for IE and SA-IE-related mortality in young adults aged 15 to 44 in the US. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) per 1000,000 people were used to calculate annual percent changes (APC) using Joinpoint regression analysis. Trends were stratified by sex, race/ethnicity, age groups, census region, urbanization classification, and states. Results: IE caused 22,614 deaths in the young adult population of the US between 1999 and 2022. 7235 (32.0 %) of these deaths were associated with SA. AAMR for IE-associated mortality initially decreased from 6.2 in 1999 to 4.7 in 2010. Following that it increased by almost 3 folds to reach 13.5 in 2020 and 2021. SA-IE followed a similar trend, increasing more than 5 folds from an AAMR of 1.0 in 2010 to 5.4 by 2018. Between 1999 and 2009, 15–22 % of all IE deaths were associated with SA annually, which increased to >40 % for 2016–2022. Men had higher AAMR for IE though women witnessed a bigger jump in SA-associated IE mortality. Non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaskan natives, South region, and rural population had a worse increase. Conclusions: IE mortality in the young adult population of the US has increased from 2010 onwards with a concerning rise in SA and IE-associated deaths.
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spelling doaj-art-3b8cc6dfb9b146ef9705300571f033cd2025-08-20T02:31:44ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Cardiology. Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention2772-48752025-06-012520040410.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200404Trends of infective endocarditis mortality in young adult population of US: A concerning rise and its association with substance abuseAli Bin Abdul Jabbar0Daniyal Ali Khan1May Li-Jedras2Amjad Kabach3Ahmed Aboeata4Department of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA; Corresponding author. 7710 Mercy Road, Suite 301, Omaha, NE, 68124-2368, USA.Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, PakistanDepartment of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USADepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USADepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USABackground: Substance Abuse (SA) is associated with Infective Endocarditis (IE) morbidity and mortality in the young adult population of the US. However, limited data is available for trends and disparities related to IE mortality and its association with SA in the young adult US population. Methods: Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research were analyzed from 1999 to 2022 for IE and SA-IE-related mortality in young adults aged 15 to 44 in the US. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) per 1000,000 people were used to calculate annual percent changes (APC) using Joinpoint regression analysis. Trends were stratified by sex, race/ethnicity, age groups, census region, urbanization classification, and states. Results: IE caused 22,614 deaths in the young adult population of the US between 1999 and 2022. 7235 (32.0 %) of these deaths were associated with SA. AAMR for IE-associated mortality initially decreased from 6.2 in 1999 to 4.7 in 2010. Following that it increased by almost 3 folds to reach 13.5 in 2020 and 2021. SA-IE followed a similar trend, increasing more than 5 folds from an AAMR of 1.0 in 2010 to 5.4 by 2018. Between 1999 and 2009, 15–22 % of all IE deaths were associated with SA annually, which increased to >40 % for 2016–2022. Men had higher AAMR for IE though women witnessed a bigger jump in SA-associated IE mortality. Non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaskan natives, South region, and rural population had a worse increase. Conclusions: IE mortality in the young adult population of the US has increased from 2010 onwards with a concerning rise in SA and IE-associated deaths.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277248752500042XInfective endocarditisSubstance abuseMortality trendsUnited StatesDisparities
spellingShingle Ali Bin Abdul Jabbar
Daniyal Ali Khan
May Li-Jedras
Amjad Kabach
Ahmed Aboeata
Trends of infective endocarditis mortality in young adult population of US: A concerning rise and its association with substance abuse
International Journal of Cardiology. Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention
Infective endocarditis
Substance abuse
Mortality trends
United States
Disparities
title Trends of infective endocarditis mortality in young adult population of US: A concerning rise and its association with substance abuse
title_full Trends of infective endocarditis mortality in young adult population of US: A concerning rise and its association with substance abuse
title_fullStr Trends of infective endocarditis mortality in young adult population of US: A concerning rise and its association with substance abuse
title_full_unstemmed Trends of infective endocarditis mortality in young adult population of US: A concerning rise and its association with substance abuse
title_short Trends of infective endocarditis mortality in young adult population of US: A concerning rise and its association with substance abuse
title_sort trends of infective endocarditis mortality in young adult population of us a concerning rise and its association with substance abuse
topic Infective endocarditis
Substance abuse
Mortality trends
United States
Disparities
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277248752500042X
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