CFD study on combustion and emissions characteristics of methane-hydrogen co-firing in an EV burner

Considerable efforts are being made worldwide to convert carbon-free fuels from gas turbines in the power generation sector while focusing on reducing greenhouse gases. In this study, CFD analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of methane–hydrogen co-firing on the combustion characteristic...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sanghyeon Lee, Jaebin Lee, Byeongmin Ahn, Dowon Kang, Jeongjae Hwang, Yeseul Park, Minsung Choi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X25008561
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850080873861349376
author Sanghyeon Lee
Jaebin Lee
Byeongmin Ahn
Dowon Kang
Jeongjae Hwang
Yeseul Park
Minsung Choi
author_facet Sanghyeon Lee
Jaebin Lee
Byeongmin Ahn
Dowon Kang
Jeongjae Hwang
Yeseul Park
Minsung Choi
author_sort Sanghyeon Lee
collection DOAJ
description Considerable efforts are being made worldwide to convert carbon-free fuels from gas turbines in the power generation sector while focusing on reducing greenhouse gases. In this study, CFD analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of methane–hydrogen co-firing on the combustion characteristics of a gas turbine combustor for power. This study aims to explore the combustion and emissions characteristics under various operating conditions, such as different co-firing and equivalence ratios. As the hydrogen co-firing ratio increased from 0% to 60%, the flame became increasingly attached to the burner, with the OH reaction zone shifting upstream by up to 80 mm, suggesting a higher risk of flashback owing to hydrogen. The emission characteristics showed an increase in NOx, reaching approximately 140 ppm at an equivalence ratio of 0.7, as observed in both the experiments and CFD. Changes in the operating conditions based on the equivalence ratio revealed the development of an inner recirculation zone within the burner, which led to changes in the flame structure. The maximum temperature in the flame region increased to approximately 2200 K. These numerical results can serve as a reference for providing operational guidelines and assessing the feasibility of hydrogen co-firing in industrial gas turbines.
format Article
id doaj-art-3b6839ab8e014d749b59330b0eaaa7af
institution DOAJ
issn 2214-157X
language English
publishDate 2025-09-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
spelling doaj-art-3b6839ab8e014d749b59330b0eaaa7af2025-08-20T02:44:51ZengElsevierCase Studies in Thermal Engineering2214-157X2025-09-017310659610.1016/j.csite.2025.106596CFD study on combustion and emissions characteristics of methane-hydrogen co-firing in an EV burnerSanghyeon Lee0Jaebin Lee1Byeongmin Ahn2Dowon Kang3Jeongjae Hwang4Yeseul Park5Minsung Choi6Department of Automotive Engineering, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, 26403, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Automotive Engineering, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, 26403, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Automotive Engineering, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, 26403, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Carbon-free Power Generation, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Carbon-free Power Generation, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do, 58554, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author.Department of Automotive Engineering, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, 26403, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author.Considerable efforts are being made worldwide to convert carbon-free fuels from gas turbines in the power generation sector while focusing on reducing greenhouse gases. In this study, CFD analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of methane–hydrogen co-firing on the combustion characteristics of a gas turbine combustor for power. This study aims to explore the combustion and emissions characteristics under various operating conditions, such as different co-firing and equivalence ratios. As the hydrogen co-firing ratio increased from 0% to 60%, the flame became increasingly attached to the burner, with the OH reaction zone shifting upstream by up to 80 mm, suggesting a higher risk of flashback owing to hydrogen. The emission characteristics showed an increase in NOx, reaching approximately 140 ppm at an equivalence ratio of 0.7, as observed in both the experiments and CFD. Changes in the operating conditions based on the equivalence ratio revealed the development of an inner recirculation zone within the burner, which led to changes in the flame structure. The maximum temperature in the flame region increased to approximately 2200 K. These numerical results can serve as a reference for providing operational guidelines and assessing the feasibility of hydrogen co-firing in industrial gas turbines.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X25008561Hydrogen co-firingUnmixednessFlashbackNOx emissionsCFD analysisFlame structure
spellingShingle Sanghyeon Lee
Jaebin Lee
Byeongmin Ahn
Dowon Kang
Jeongjae Hwang
Yeseul Park
Minsung Choi
CFD study on combustion and emissions characteristics of methane-hydrogen co-firing in an EV burner
Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
Hydrogen co-firing
Unmixedness
Flashback
NOx emissions
CFD analysis
Flame structure
title CFD study on combustion and emissions characteristics of methane-hydrogen co-firing in an EV burner
title_full CFD study on combustion and emissions characteristics of methane-hydrogen co-firing in an EV burner
title_fullStr CFD study on combustion and emissions characteristics of methane-hydrogen co-firing in an EV burner
title_full_unstemmed CFD study on combustion and emissions characteristics of methane-hydrogen co-firing in an EV burner
title_short CFD study on combustion and emissions characteristics of methane-hydrogen co-firing in an EV burner
title_sort cfd study on combustion and emissions characteristics of methane hydrogen co firing in an ev burner
topic Hydrogen co-firing
Unmixedness
Flashback
NOx emissions
CFD analysis
Flame structure
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X25008561
work_keys_str_mv AT sanghyeonlee cfdstudyoncombustionandemissionscharacteristicsofmethanehydrogencofiringinanevburner
AT jaebinlee cfdstudyoncombustionandemissionscharacteristicsofmethanehydrogencofiringinanevburner
AT byeongminahn cfdstudyoncombustionandemissionscharacteristicsofmethanehydrogencofiringinanevburner
AT dowonkang cfdstudyoncombustionandemissionscharacteristicsofmethanehydrogencofiringinanevburner
AT jeongjaehwang cfdstudyoncombustionandemissionscharacteristicsofmethanehydrogencofiringinanevburner
AT yeseulpark cfdstudyoncombustionandemissionscharacteristicsofmethanehydrogencofiringinanevburner
AT minsungchoi cfdstudyoncombustionandemissionscharacteristicsofmethanehydrogencofiringinanevburner