Diagnostic yield of induced sputum and Bronchoalveolar lavage in suspected pulmonary tuberculosis
Abstract Aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic yield of induced sputum (IS) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and negative sputum smears. We enrolled 215 patients who underwent both IS and BAL after two negative spontaneous sputum samp...
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BMC
2025-05-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11020-3 |
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| author | Maria Musso Gina Gualano Paola Mencarini Annelisa Mastrobattista Maria Angela Licata Carlo Pareo Carlotta Cerva Silvia Mosti Virginia Di Bari Raffaella Libertone Carla Nisii Angela Cannas Assunta Navarra Delia Goletti Fabrizio Palmieri |
| author_facet | Maria Musso Gina Gualano Paola Mencarini Annelisa Mastrobattista Maria Angela Licata Carlo Pareo Carlotta Cerva Silvia Mosti Virginia Di Bari Raffaella Libertone Carla Nisii Angela Cannas Assunta Navarra Delia Goletti Fabrizio Palmieri |
| author_sort | Maria Musso |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic yield of induced sputum (IS) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and negative sputum smears. We enrolled 215 patients who underwent both IS and BAL after two negative spontaneous sputum samples. PTB was confirmed by culture or molecular test in 26 patients (12.1%). IS detected 10 cases (38.5%) of all PTB, while BAL detected 22 cases (84.6%) of all PTB. IS had a sensitivity of 38.46% and a specificity of 100%, while BAL had a sensitivity of 84.62% and a specificity of 100%. BAL had a higher diagnostic yield than IS and was useful for ruling out alternative diagnoses. According to our experience FBS execution is mandatory in case of strong TB suspicion and sputum smear negative patients, especially in a low TB prevalence country. Moreover, it consents testing microorganism sensitivity and assessing possible alternative diagnosis with similar clinical presentation. The choice of the best diagnostic method may depend on the clinical context and the availability of resources. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3b64bf0563624624a8f73295b8a5feaa |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-3b64bf0563624624a8f73295b8a5feaa2025-08-20T02:15:16ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342025-05-012511610.1186/s12879-025-11020-3Diagnostic yield of induced sputum and Bronchoalveolar lavage in suspected pulmonary tuberculosisMaria Musso0Gina Gualano1Paola Mencarini2Annelisa Mastrobattista3Maria Angela Licata4Carlo Pareo5Carlotta Cerva6Silvia Mosti7Virginia Di Bari8Raffaella Libertone9Carla Nisii10Angela Cannas11Assunta Navarra12Delia Goletti13Fabrizio Palmieri14Respiratory Infectious Diseases Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCSRespiratory Infectious Diseases Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCSRespiratory Infectious Diseases Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCSRespiratory Infectious Diseases Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCSRespiratory Infectious Diseases Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCSRespiratory Infectious Diseases Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCSRespiratory Infectious Diseases Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCSRespiratory Infectious Diseases Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCSRespiratory Infectious Diseases Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCSRespiratory Infectious Diseases Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCSMicrobiology Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCSMicrobiology Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCSDepartment of Epidemiology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCSTranslational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) “Lazzaro Spallanzani”- IRCCSRespiratory Infectious Diseases Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCSAbstract Aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic yield of induced sputum (IS) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and negative sputum smears. We enrolled 215 patients who underwent both IS and BAL after two negative spontaneous sputum samples. PTB was confirmed by culture or molecular test in 26 patients (12.1%). IS detected 10 cases (38.5%) of all PTB, while BAL detected 22 cases (84.6%) of all PTB. IS had a sensitivity of 38.46% and a specificity of 100%, while BAL had a sensitivity of 84.62% and a specificity of 100%. BAL had a higher diagnostic yield than IS and was useful for ruling out alternative diagnoses. According to our experience FBS execution is mandatory in case of strong TB suspicion and sputum smear negative patients, especially in a low TB prevalence country. Moreover, it consents testing microorganism sensitivity and assessing possible alternative diagnosis with similar clinical presentation. The choice of the best diagnostic method may depend on the clinical context and the availability of resources.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11020-3 |
| spellingShingle | Maria Musso Gina Gualano Paola Mencarini Annelisa Mastrobattista Maria Angela Licata Carlo Pareo Carlotta Cerva Silvia Mosti Virginia Di Bari Raffaella Libertone Carla Nisii Angela Cannas Assunta Navarra Delia Goletti Fabrizio Palmieri Diagnostic yield of induced sputum and Bronchoalveolar lavage in suspected pulmonary tuberculosis BMC Infectious Diseases |
| title | Diagnostic yield of induced sputum and Bronchoalveolar lavage in suspected pulmonary tuberculosis |
| title_full | Diagnostic yield of induced sputum and Bronchoalveolar lavage in suspected pulmonary tuberculosis |
| title_fullStr | Diagnostic yield of induced sputum and Bronchoalveolar lavage in suspected pulmonary tuberculosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diagnostic yield of induced sputum and Bronchoalveolar lavage in suspected pulmonary tuberculosis |
| title_short | Diagnostic yield of induced sputum and Bronchoalveolar lavage in suspected pulmonary tuberculosis |
| title_sort | diagnostic yield of induced sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage in suspected pulmonary tuberculosis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11020-3 |
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