Exploring the Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease and Its Impact on Quality of Life in Saudi Adults: A Cross-Sectional Investigation
<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial condition that affects quality of life (QoL). Symptoms like discomfort, blurred vision, and light sensitivity can negatively impact work efficiency, productivity, and psychological well-being. This study aimed to...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-05-01
|
| Series: | Medicina |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/6/976 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849705813624487936 |
|---|---|
| author | Mohammad A. Jareebi Ayman A. Akkur Dhiyaa A. H. Otayf Ahmed Y. Najmi Osama A. Mobarki Eyad Z. Omar Mohammed A. Najmi Ali Y. Madkhali Nasser A. N. Abu Alzawayid Yasir M. Darbeshi Abdulaziz Ali Alagsam Ali Alabbas Ahmad Alhazmi Omar Essa Mohammed Kirat Ahmad Y. Alqassim |
| author_facet | Mohammad A. Jareebi Ayman A. Akkur Dhiyaa A. H. Otayf Ahmed Y. Najmi Osama A. Mobarki Eyad Z. Omar Mohammed A. Najmi Ali Y. Madkhali Nasser A. N. Abu Alzawayid Yasir M. Darbeshi Abdulaziz Ali Alagsam Ali Alabbas Ahmad Alhazmi Omar Essa Mohammed Kirat Ahmad Y. Alqassim |
| author_sort | Mohammad A. Jareebi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background and Objectives</i>: Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial condition that affects quality of life (QoL). Symptoms like discomfort, blurred vision, and light sensitivity can negatively impact work efficiency, productivity, and psychological well-being. This study aimed to examine the relationship between DED and QoL, identify risk factors, and estimate DED prevalence in Saudi Arabia. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: This cross-sectional study included 1062 participants from Saudi Arabia, recruited via convenience sampling. Data were collected using an online questionnaire with three sections: sociodemographic information, the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) to assess DED severity, and the Arabic WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire to evaluate QoL. <i>Results</i>: Among participants, 77% suffered from DED. Males (β = −9.18, <i>p</i> < 0.001), postgraduate degree holders (β = −13.86, <i>p</i> = 0.001), and individuals with income >15,000 SR (β = −5.10, <i>p</i> = 0.023) had lower OSDI scores compared to reference groups (females, those with high school education or lower, and those with income <5000 SR, respectively), indicating a lower DED risk. Employed individuals, students (employed: β = 10.78, <i>p</i> < 0.020; students: β = 10.60, <i>p</i> < 0.016), divorced/widowed individuals (β = 18.70, <i>p</i> < 0.003), and those with diabetes, hypertension, and thyroid disorders showed higher OSDI scores. Higher OSDI scores correlated with lower QoL scores across all domains (physical: β = −0.26, <i>p</i> < 0.001; psychological: β = −0.22, <i>p</i> < 0.001; social: β = −0.25, <i>p</i> < 0.001; environmental: β = −0.20, <i>p</i> < 0.001). <i>Conclusions</i>: DED significantly affects all QoL domains. Risk factors include occupation, diabetes, hypertension, and thyroid disorders. Awareness and prevention efforts should be prioritized by institutions, while physicians should screen for DED in patients with chronic conditions. Further research is needed on the long-term effects of these risk factors and to improve management strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3b4682e083dd4443bbf131cb42e07df5 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj-art-3b4682e083dd4443bbf131cb42e07df52025-08-20T03:16:22ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442025-05-0161697610.3390/medicina61060976Exploring the Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease and Its Impact on Quality of Life in Saudi Adults: A Cross-Sectional InvestigationMohammad A. Jareebi0Ayman A. Akkur1Dhiyaa A. H. Otayf2Ahmed Y. Najmi3Osama A. Mobarki4Eyad Z. Omar5Mohammed A. Najmi6Ali Y. Madkhali7Nasser A. N. Abu Alzawayid8Yasir M. Darbeshi9Abdulaziz Ali Alagsam10Ali Alabbas Ahmad Alhazmi11Omar Essa Mohammed Kirat12Ahmad Y. Alqassim13Department of Family and Community Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 88723, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaPrince Mohammed bin Nasser Hospital, Jazan 82943, Saudi ArabiaPrince Mohammed bin Nasser Hospital, Jazan 82943, Saudi ArabiaPrince Mohammed bin Nasser Hospital, Jazan 82943, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 88723, Saudi Arabia<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial condition that affects quality of life (QoL). Symptoms like discomfort, blurred vision, and light sensitivity can negatively impact work efficiency, productivity, and psychological well-being. This study aimed to examine the relationship between DED and QoL, identify risk factors, and estimate DED prevalence in Saudi Arabia. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: This cross-sectional study included 1062 participants from Saudi Arabia, recruited via convenience sampling. Data were collected using an online questionnaire with three sections: sociodemographic information, the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) to assess DED severity, and the Arabic WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire to evaluate QoL. <i>Results</i>: Among participants, 77% suffered from DED. Males (β = −9.18, <i>p</i> < 0.001), postgraduate degree holders (β = −13.86, <i>p</i> = 0.001), and individuals with income >15,000 SR (β = −5.10, <i>p</i> = 0.023) had lower OSDI scores compared to reference groups (females, those with high school education or lower, and those with income <5000 SR, respectively), indicating a lower DED risk. Employed individuals, students (employed: β = 10.78, <i>p</i> < 0.020; students: β = 10.60, <i>p</i> < 0.016), divorced/widowed individuals (β = 18.70, <i>p</i> < 0.003), and those with diabetes, hypertension, and thyroid disorders showed higher OSDI scores. Higher OSDI scores correlated with lower QoL scores across all domains (physical: β = −0.26, <i>p</i> < 0.001; psychological: β = −0.22, <i>p</i> < 0.001; social: β = −0.25, <i>p</i> < 0.001; environmental: β = −0.20, <i>p</i> < 0.001). <i>Conclusions</i>: DED significantly affects all QoL domains. Risk factors include occupation, diabetes, hypertension, and thyroid disorders. Awareness and prevention efforts should be prioritized by institutions, while physicians should screen for DED in patients with chronic conditions. Further research is needed on the long-term effects of these risk factors and to improve management strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/6/976dry eye diseases (DED)quality of lifeprevenanceSaudi Arabia |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad A. Jareebi Ayman A. Akkur Dhiyaa A. H. Otayf Ahmed Y. Najmi Osama A. Mobarki Eyad Z. Omar Mohammed A. Najmi Ali Y. Madkhali Nasser A. N. Abu Alzawayid Yasir M. Darbeshi Abdulaziz Ali Alagsam Ali Alabbas Ahmad Alhazmi Omar Essa Mohammed Kirat Ahmad Y. Alqassim Exploring the Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease and Its Impact on Quality of Life in Saudi Adults: A Cross-Sectional Investigation Medicina dry eye diseases (DED) quality of life prevenance Saudi Arabia |
| title | Exploring the Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease and Its Impact on Quality of Life in Saudi Adults: A Cross-Sectional Investigation |
| title_full | Exploring the Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease and Its Impact on Quality of Life in Saudi Adults: A Cross-Sectional Investigation |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease and Its Impact on Quality of Life in Saudi Adults: A Cross-Sectional Investigation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease and Its Impact on Quality of Life in Saudi Adults: A Cross-Sectional Investigation |
| title_short | Exploring the Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease and Its Impact on Quality of Life in Saudi Adults: A Cross-Sectional Investigation |
| title_sort | exploring the prevalence of dry eye disease and its impact on quality of life in saudi adults a cross sectional investigation |
| topic | dry eye diseases (DED) quality of life prevenance Saudi Arabia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/6/976 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mohammadajareebi exploringtheprevalenceofdryeyediseaseanditsimpactonqualityoflifeinsaudiadultsacrosssectionalinvestigation AT aymanaakkur exploringtheprevalenceofdryeyediseaseanditsimpactonqualityoflifeinsaudiadultsacrosssectionalinvestigation AT dhiyaaahotayf exploringtheprevalenceofdryeyediseaseanditsimpactonqualityoflifeinsaudiadultsacrosssectionalinvestigation AT ahmedynajmi exploringtheprevalenceofdryeyediseaseanditsimpactonqualityoflifeinsaudiadultsacrosssectionalinvestigation AT osamaamobarki exploringtheprevalenceofdryeyediseaseanditsimpactonqualityoflifeinsaudiadultsacrosssectionalinvestigation AT eyadzomar exploringtheprevalenceofdryeyediseaseanditsimpactonqualityoflifeinsaudiadultsacrosssectionalinvestigation AT mohammedanajmi exploringtheprevalenceofdryeyediseaseanditsimpactonqualityoflifeinsaudiadultsacrosssectionalinvestigation AT aliymadkhali exploringtheprevalenceofdryeyediseaseanditsimpactonqualityoflifeinsaudiadultsacrosssectionalinvestigation AT nasseranabualzawayid exploringtheprevalenceofdryeyediseaseanditsimpactonqualityoflifeinsaudiadultsacrosssectionalinvestigation AT yasirmdarbeshi exploringtheprevalenceofdryeyediseaseanditsimpactonqualityoflifeinsaudiadultsacrosssectionalinvestigation AT abdulazizalialagsam exploringtheprevalenceofdryeyediseaseanditsimpactonqualityoflifeinsaudiadultsacrosssectionalinvestigation AT alialabbasahmadalhazmi exploringtheprevalenceofdryeyediseaseanditsimpactonqualityoflifeinsaudiadultsacrosssectionalinvestigation AT omaressamohammedkirat exploringtheprevalenceofdryeyediseaseanditsimpactonqualityoflifeinsaudiadultsacrosssectionalinvestigation AT ahmadyalqassim exploringtheprevalenceofdryeyediseaseanditsimpactonqualityoflifeinsaudiadultsacrosssectionalinvestigation |