Pre-clinical carotid atherosclerosis and sCD163 among virally suppressed HIV patients in Botswana compared with uninfected controls.
<h4>Objectives</h4>Human immune deficiency virus (HIV) is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, yet the relationship between HIV and carotid atherosclerosis / monocyte activation among virally suppressed HIV-infected patients in sub-Saharan Africa is not well under...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2017-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0179994&type=printable |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850230378698113024 |
|---|---|
| author | Mosepele Mosepele Linda C Hemphill Walter Moloi Sikhulile Moyo Isaac Nkele Joseph Makhema Kara Bennett Virginia A Triant Shahin Lockman |
| author_facet | Mosepele Mosepele Linda C Hemphill Walter Moloi Sikhulile Moyo Isaac Nkele Joseph Makhema Kara Bennett Virginia A Triant Shahin Lockman |
| author_sort | Mosepele Mosepele |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Objectives</h4>Human immune deficiency virus (HIV) is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, yet the relationship between HIV and carotid atherosclerosis / monocyte activation among virally suppressed HIV-infected patients in sub-Saharan Africa is not well understood.<h4>Methods</h4>We measured traditional CVD risk factors, bilateral distal common carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), presence of carotid plaque and plasma sCD163 levels among virally suppressed HIV-infected adults and HIV-uninfected controls, in a cross-sectional study in Gaborone, Botswana. The associations between HIV status, traditional CVD risk factors, sCD163 and outcome of cIMT were assessed in univariate and multivariate linear regression models.<h4>Results</h4>We enrolled 208 HIV-infected adults (55% Female, mean age 39 years) who had undetectable HIV-1 RNA on antiretroviral therapy and 224 HIV-uninfected controls (47% Female, mean age 37 years). There was no difference in cIMT between study groups, with mean cIMT 0.607mm and 0.599mm in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected, respectively (p = 0.37). Plasma sCD163 was significantly higher in HIV-infected versus HIV-uninfected persons (1917ng/ml vs 1593ng/ml, p = 0.003), but was not associated with cIMT (p = 0.43 among all, p = 0.72 for HIV-infected only). In the final multivariate model, increased cIMT was associated with older age, being treated for hypertension, and higher non-HDL cholesterol among all (p<0.001, p = 0.03, p<0.001 respectively), and with older age and waist-hip ratio in HIV-infected participants (p = 0.02 & p = 0.02 respectively). Carotid plaque was present in a significantly higher proportion of HIV-infected adults (RR 2.15, 95% CI 1.22, 3.81).<h4>Conclusions</h4>HIV-infected participants aged 30-50 years who have achieved viral suppression did not have increased cIMT when compared to HIV-uninfected controls in Botswana. However, well-controlled HIV was associated with excess monocyte activation. Future work should explore the impact of subclinical atherosclerosis on CVD events among HIV-infected and -uninfected adults in Botswana. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3b2d39788acd4d73bbc1eb597b1b131a |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-3b2d39788acd4d73bbc1eb597b1b131a2025-08-20T02:03:54ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032017-01-01126e017999410.1371/journal.pone.0179994Pre-clinical carotid atherosclerosis and sCD163 among virally suppressed HIV patients in Botswana compared with uninfected controls.Mosepele MosepeleLinda C HemphillWalter MoloiSikhulile MoyoIsaac NkeleJoseph MakhemaKara BennettVirginia A TriantShahin Lockman<h4>Objectives</h4>Human immune deficiency virus (HIV) is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, yet the relationship between HIV and carotid atherosclerosis / monocyte activation among virally suppressed HIV-infected patients in sub-Saharan Africa is not well understood.<h4>Methods</h4>We measured traditional CVD risk factors, bilateral distal common carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), presence of carotid plaque and plasma sCD163 levels among virally suppressed HIV-infected adults and HIV-uninfected controls, in a cross-sectional study in Gaborone, Botswana. The associations between HIV status, traditional CVD risk factors, sCD163 and outcome of cIMT were assessed in univariate and multivariate linear regression models.<h4>Results</h4>We enrolled 208 HIV-infected adults (55% Female, mean age 39 years) who had undetectable HIV-1 RNA on antiretroviral therapy and 224 HIV-uninfected controls (47% Female, mean age 37 years). There was no difference in cIMT between study groups, with mean cIMT 0.607mm and 0.599mm in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected, respectively (p = 0.37). Plasma sCD163 was significantly higher in HIV-infected versus HIV-uninfected persons (1917ng/ml vs 1593ng/ml, p = 0.003), but was not associated with cIMT (p = 0.43 among all, p = 0.72 for HIV-infected only). In the final multivariate model, increased cIMT was associated with older age, being treated for hypertension, and higher non-HDL cholesterol among all (p<0.001, p = 0.03, p<0.001 respectively), and with older age and waist-hip ratio in HIV-infected participants (p = 0.02 & p = 0.02 respectively). Carotid plaque was present in a significantly higher proportion of HIV-infected adults (RR 2.15, 95% CI 1.22, 3.81).<h4>Conclusions</h4>HIV-infected participants aged 30-50 years who have achieved viral suppression did not have increased cIMT when compared to HIV-uninfected controls in Botswana. However, well-controlled HIV was associated with excess monocyte activation. Future work should explore the impact of subclinical atherosclerosis on CVD events among HIV-infected and -uninfected adults in Botswana.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0179994&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Mosepele Mosepele Linda C Hemphill Walter Moloi Sikhulile Moyo Isaac Nkele Joseph Makhema Kara Bennett Virginia A Triant Shahin Lockman Pre-clinical carotid atherosclerosis and sCD163 among virally suppressed HIV patients in Botswana compared with uninfected controls. PLoS ONE |
| title | Pre-clinical carotid atherosclerosis and sCD163 among virally suppressed HIV patients in Botswana compared with uninfected controls. |
| title_full | Pre-clinical carotid atherosclerosis and sCD163 among virally suppressed HIV patients in Botswana compared with uninfected controls. |
| title_fullStr | Pre-clinical carotid atherosclerosis and sCD163 among virally suppressed HIV patients in Botswana compared with uninfected controls. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pre-clinical carotid atherosclerosis and sCD163 among virally suppressed HIV patients in Botswana compared with uninfected controls. |
| title_short | Pre-clinical carotid atherosclerosis and sCD163 among virally suppressed HIV patients in Botswana compared with uninfected controls. |
| title_sort | pre clinical carotid atherosclerosis and scd163 among virally suppressed hiv patients in botswana compared with uninfected controls |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0179994&type=printable |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mosepelemosepele preclinicalcarotidatherosclerosisandscd163amongvirallysuppressedhivpatientsinbotswanacomparedwithuninfectedcontrols AT lindachemphill preclinicalcarotidatherosclerosisandscd163amongvirallysuppressedhivpatientsinbotswanacomparedwithuninfectedcontrols AT waltermoloi preclinicalcarotidatherosclerosisandscd163amongvirallysuppressedhivpatientsinbotswanacomparedwithuninfectedcontrols AT sikhulilemoyo preclinicalcarotidatherosclerosisandscd163amongvirallysuppressedhivpatientsinbotswanacomparedwithuninfectedcontrols AT isaacnkele preclinicalcarotidatherosclerosisandscd163amongvirallysuppressedhivpatientsinbotswanacomparedwithuninfectedcontrols AT josephmakhema preclinicalcarotidatherosclerosisandscd163amongvirallysuppressedhivpatientsinbotswanacomparedwithuninfectedcontrols AT karabennett preclinicalcarotidatherosclerosisandscd163amongvirallysuppressedhivpatientsinbotswanacomparedwithuninfectedcontrols AT virginiaatriant preclinicalcarotidatherosclerosisandscd163amongvirallysuppressedhivpatientsinbotswanacomparedwithuninfectedcontrols AT shahinlockman preclinicalcarotidatherosclerosisandscd163amongvirallysuppressedhivpatientsinbotswanacomparedwithuninfectedcontrols |