Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Sjögren’s Syndrome: An Ocular Immune-Related Adverse Event

A 67-year-old male with metastatic human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal cancer receiving pembrolizumab (anti-programmed cell death protein 1 [PD-1] immune checkpoint inhibitor) presented with bilateral ocular dryness. It is important to note that these symptoms appeared eight months aft...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hideki Fukuoka, Akifumi Matsumoto, Chie Sotozono
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Diagnostics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/9/1168
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850030424062951424
author Hideki Fukuoka
Akifumi Matsumoto
Chie Sotozono
author_facet Hideki Fukuoka
Akifumi Matsumoto
Chie Sotozono
author_sort Hideki Fukuoka
collection DOAJ
description A 67-year-old male with metastatic human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal cancer receiving pembrolizumab (anti-programmed cell death protein 1 [PD-1] immune checkpoint inhibitor) presented with bilateral ocular dryness. It is important to note that these symptoms appeared eight months after the initiation of the pembrolizumab therapy. Ophthalmologic evaluation revealed keratoconjunctivitis sicca with characteristic bulbar fluorescein staining and the Schirmer test showed 0 mm bilaterally. Serological testing demonstrated positive antinuclear and anti-SSb/La antibodies, consistent with Sjögren’s syndrome as an immune-related adverse event (irAE). Treatment with topical fluorometholone 0.1% and diquafosol 3% led to complete symptom resolution within one year while maintaining cancer immunotherapy. Long-term follow-up over 3.5 years demonstrated sustained ocular improvement and a favorable oncologic response without development of systemic autoimmune manifestations. This case highlights that Sjögren’s syndrome as an irAE may present with isolated ocular manifestations, which could be overlooked in clinical practice.
format Article
id doaj-art-3b04434072594e25be2d97f37d53ff4a
institution DOAJ
issn 2075-4418
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Diagnostics
spelling doaj-art-3b04434072594e25be2d97f37d53ff4a2025-08-20T02:59:14ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182025-05-01159116810.3390/diagnostics15091168Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Sjögren’s Syndrome: An Ocular Immune-Related Adverse EventHideki Fukuoka0Akifumi Matsumoto1Chie Sotozono2Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanA 67-year-old male with metastatic human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal cancer receiving pembrolizumab (anti-programmed cell death protein 1 [PD-1] immune checkpoint inhibitor) presented with bilateral ocular dryness. It is important to note that these symptoms appeared eight months after the initiation of the pembrolizumab therapy. Ophthalmologic evaluation revealed keratoconjunctivitis sicca with characteristic bulbar fluorescein staining and the Schirmer test showed 0 mm bilaterally. Serological testing demonstrated positive antinuclear and anti-SSb/La antibodies, consistent with Sjögren’s syndrome as an immune-related adverse event (irAE). Treatment with topical fluorometholone 0.1% and diquafosol 3% led to complete symptom resolution within one year while maintaining cancer immunotherapy. Long-term follow-up over 3.5 years demonstrated sustained ocular improvement and a favorable oncologic response without development of systemic autoimmune manifestations. This case highlights that Sjögren’s syndrome as an irAE may present with isolated ocular manifestations, which could be overlooked in clinical practice.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/9/1168immune checkpoint inhibitorpembrolizumabSjögren’s syndromekeratoconjunctivitis siccaimmune-related adverse event (irAE)ocular toxicity
spellingShingle Hideki Fukuoka
Akifumi Matsumoto
Chie Sotozono
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Sjögren’s Syndrome: An Ocular Immune-Related Adverse Event
Diagnostics
immune checkpoint inhibitor
pembrolizumab
Sjögren’s syndrome
keratoconjunctivitis sicca
immune-related adverse event (irAE)
ocular toxicity
title Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Sjögren’s Syndrome: An Ocular Immune-Related Adverse Event
title_full Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Sjögren’s Syndrome: An Ocular Immune-Related Adverse Event
title_fullStr Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Sjögren’s Syndrome: An Ocular Immune-Related Adverse Event
title_full_unstemmed Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Sjögren’s Syndrome: An Ocular Immune-Related Adverse Event
title_short Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Sjögren’s Syndrome: An Ocular Immune-Related Adverse Event
title_sort immune checkpoint inhibitor related sjogren s syndrome an ocular immune related adverse event
topic immune checkpoint inhibitor
pembrolizumab
Sjögren’s syndrome
keratoconjunctivitis sicca
immune-related adverse event (irAE)
ocular toxicity
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/9/1168
work_keys_str_mv AT hidekifukuoka immunecheckpointinhibitorrelatedsjogrenssyndromeanocularimmunerelatedadverseevent
AT akifumimatsumoto immunecheckpointinhibitorrelatedsjogrenssyndromeanocularimmunerelatedadverseevent
AT chiesotozono immunecheckpointinhibitorrelatedsjogrenssyndromeanocularimmunerelatedadverseevent