The Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Novel Subunit Vaccine in the Prevention of <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i>-Caused Diarrhoea in Neonatal Calves
<i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> (<i>C. parvum</i>)-caused calf diarrhoea (scours) is widespread and leads to calf mortality in cattle industries worldwide. A recent discovery of a glycopeptide epitope on the <i>Cryptosporidium</i> parasite recognized by a monoclonal...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Martine Reijnders Mark van Roosmalen Hans Holtslag Susan Arts Suzanne Pel Divine Dufé Marianne Kaashoek Geert Vertenten Tine van Werven Steven Sietsma Christophe Roy Nicolas Herman |
| author_facet | Martine Reijnders Mark van Roosmalen Hans Holtslag Susan Arts Suzanne Pel Divine Dufé Marianne Kaashoek Geert Vertenten Tine van Werven Steven Sietsma Christophe Roy Nicolas Herman |
| author_sort | Martine Reijnders |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> (<i>C. parvum</i>)-caused calf diarrhoea (scours) is widespread and leads to calf mortality in cattle industries worldwide. A recent discovery of a glycopeptide epitope on the <i>Cryptosporidium</i> parasite recognized by a monoclonal antibody has led to the development of a new vaccine. It was designed for cows to pass on passive immunity to their neonatal calves. This vaccine has been demonstrated to be safe and efficacious in pre-clinical studies. In the process of marketing registration, two clinical studies were conducted with this vaccine on 16 commercial dairy and beef farms collecting data, assessed by the European Medicine Agency. In these studies, its effectiveness in the field was evaluated. The natural challenge and clinical disease caused by <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> in the calves in these studies was, however, not high enough to show a significant reduction of most of the clinical signs, although all trends were in favour of the vaccination groups. Nonetheless, the duration of the diarrhoea episodes of the dairy calves was significantly shorter in the vaccination group. Additionally, the levels of Gp40 antibodies in the blood of the calves was notably higher in the vaccination groups, demonstrating the principle of passive immunization. Overall, this vaccine, which can be used concurrently, non-mixed with Bovilis<sup>®</sup> Rotavec<sup>®</sup> Corona, introduces an additional approach to mitigate the impact of <i>C. parvum</i> infections in neonatal calves. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3ab1bdc4195d4c00a3d2fe281ad5e45d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj-art-3ab1bdc4195d4c00a3d2fe281ad5e45d2025-01-24T13:17:41ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-01-0115213210.3390/ani15020132The Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Novel Subunit Vaccine in the Prevention of <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i>-Caused Diarrhoea in Neonatal CalvesMartine Reijnders0Mark van Roosmalen1Hans Holtslag2Susan Arts3Suzanne Pel4Divine Dufé5Marianne Kaashoek6Geert Vertenten7Tine van Werven8Steven Sietsma9Christophe Roy10Nicolas Herman11MSD Animal Health, 5831 AN Boxmeer, The NetherlandsMSD Animal Health, 5831 AN Boxmeer, The NetherlandsMSD Animal Health, 5831 AN Boxmeer, The NetherlandsMSD Animal Health, 5831 AN Boxmeer, The NetherlandsMSD Animal Health, 5831 AN Boxmeer, The NetherlandsMSD Animal Health, 5831 AN Boxmeer, The NetherlandsMSD Animal Health, 5831 AN Boxmeer, The NetherlandsMSD Animal Health, 5831 AN Boxmeer, The NetherlandsUniversitaire Landbouwhuisdieren Praktijk (ULP), Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Utrecht, 3481 LZ Harmelen, The NetherlandsUniversitaire Landbouwhuisdieren Praktijk (ULP), Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Utrecht, 3481 LZ Harmelen, The NetherlandsClinique Vétérinaire des Mazets, 15400 Riom es Montagnes, FranceClinique Vétérinaire des Mazets, 15400 Riom es Montagnes, France<i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> (<i>C. parvum</i>)-caused calf diarrhoea (scours) is widespread and leads to calf mortality in cattle industries worldwide. A recent discovery of a glycopeptide epitope on the <i>Cryptosporidium</i> parasite recognized by a monoclonal antibody has led to the development of a new vaccine. It was designed for cows to pass on passive immunity to their neonatal calves. This vaccine has been demonstrated to be safe and efficacious in pre-clinical studies. In the process of marketing registration, two clinical studies were conducted with this vaccine on 16 commercial dairy and beef farms collecting data, assessed by the European Medicine Agency. In these studies, its effectiveness in the field was evaluated. The natural challenge and clinical disease caused by <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> in the calves in these studies was, however, not high enough to show a significant reduction of most of the clinical signs, although all trends were in favour of the vaccination groups. Nonetheless, the duration of the diarrhoea episodes of the dairy calves was significantly shorter in the vaccination group. Additionally, the levels of Gp40 antibodies in the blood of the calves was notably higher in the vaccination groups, demonstrating the principle of passive immunization. Overall, this vaccine, which can be used concurrently, non-mixed with Bovilis<sup>®</sup> Rotavec<sup>®</sup> Corona, introduces an additional approach to mitigate the impact of <i>C. parvum</i> infections in neonatal calves.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/2/132<i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i>cryptosporidiosisvaccineneonatal calf scoursclinical studypassive immunisation |
| spellingShingle | Martine Reijnders Mark van Roosmalen Hans Holtslag Susan Arts Suzanne Pel Divine Dufé Marianne Kaashoek Geert Vertenten Tine van Werven Steven Sietsma Christophe Roy Nicolas Herman The Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Novel Subunit Vaccine in the Prevention of <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i>-Caused Diarrhoea in Neonatal Calves Animals <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> cryptosporidiosis vaccine neonatal calf scours clinical study passive immunisation |
| title | The Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Novel Subunit Vaccine in the Prevention of <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i>-Caused Diarrhoea in Neonatal Calves |
| title_full | The Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Novel Subunit Vaccine in the Prevention of <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i>-Caused Diarrhoea in Neonatal Calves |
| title_fullStr | The Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Novel Subunit Vaccine in the Prevention of <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i>-Caused Diarrhoea in Neonatal Calves |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Novel Subunit Vaccine in the Prevention of <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i>-Caused Diarrhoea in Neonatal Calves |
| title_short | The Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Novel Subunit Vaccine in the Prevention of <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i>-Caused Diarrhoea in Neonatal Calves |
| title_sort | evaluation of the efficacy of a novel subunit vaccine in the prevention of i cryptosporidium parvum i caused diarrhoea in neonatal calves |
| topic | <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> cryptosporidiosis vaccine neonatal calf scours clinical study passive immunisation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/2/132 |
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