Measuring mobility in HIV research in sub‐Saharan Africa: a scoping review

Abstract Introduction Mobility—from overnight travel to permanent migration—can reduce service access and increase HIV risk, driving the epidemic in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). This scoping review described mobility measures used in HIV research to identify gaps and guide research on mobility to stren...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Aleya Khalifa, Sara Wallach, M. Kate Grabowski, Dustin T. Duncan, Fred Nalugoda, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Barun Mathema
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of the International AIDS Society
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/jia2.26508
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849683535178235904
author Aleya Khalifa
Sara Wallach
M. Kate Grabowski
Dustin T. Duncan
Fred Nalugoda
Quarraisha Abdool Karim
Barun Mathema
author_facet Aleya Khalifa
Sara Wallach
M. Kate Grabowski
Dustin T. Duncan
Fred Nalugoda
Quarraisha Abdool Karim
Barun Mathema
author_sort Aleya Khalifa
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Introduction Mobility—from overnight travel to permanent migration—can reduce service access and increase HIV risk, driving the epidemic in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). This scoping review described mobility measures used in HIV research to identify gaps and guide research on mobility to strengthen HIV responses in SSA. Methods Literature from three databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science) were systematically screened to identify research articles examining relationships between mobility and individual‐level HIV‐related outcomes in SSA from 2014 through 2023. Key terms for mobility included “mobility,” “movement,” “migration” and “travel.” Measures were first extracted according to International Organization of Migration definitions of migration (a change in the place of usual residence) and travel (movement between geographies). Then, metrics used to categorize or quantify mobility were organized by the stage (origin, transit, destination, return) and dimension (spatial, temporal, socio‐structural) of the movement captured. Measures were analysed within three research contexts: the HIV outcome(s) of interest, study population and local geographies. Outcomes included HIV acquisition, AIDS‐related death, and indicators along the prevention, care and treatment cascade. Results We identified 69 studies after screening 5343 titles/abstracts and 200 full texts for eligibility. Studies included research from 16 countries, mostly representing general adult populations in eastern and southern Africa. Most studies measured migration (51) versus travel (21) and examined relationships with HIV prevalent infection (29) or care and treatment indicators (44) compared to other epidemiological and programmatic outcomes. Studies employed a range of metrics, mostly of the duration of stay at the destination (28), the number of mobility events (12) or the geographic boundaries across which individuals moved (14). Socio‐structural dimensions like the motivation for movement were measured less often. Only 15 studies examined more than one dimension. Discussion Mobility measures varied widely and were inconsistently studied across research contexts. Future studies should fill evidence gaps, standardize reporting and develop multidimensional mobility measures tailored to local settings and HIV outcomes. Conclusions People on the move are a vast and diverse group, yet they are often labelled as a monolith. Improved measures can disentangle how different forms of mobility relate to HIV, generating actionable evidence to enhance HIV programming for ending the epidemic.
format Article
id doaj-art-3a9d71dc211f47e2950fc10856ed8b06
institution DOAJ
issn 1758-2652
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Journal of the International AIDS Society
spelling doaj-art-3a9d71dc211f47e2950fc10856ed8b062025-08-20T03:23:48ZengWileyJournal of the International AIDS Society1758-26522025-06-01286n/an/a10.1002/jia2.26508Measuring mobility in HIV research in sub‐Saharan Africa: a scoping reviewAleya Khalifa0Sara Wallach1M. Kate Grabowski2Dustin T. Duncan3Fred Nalugoda4Quarraisha Abdool Karim5Barun Mathema6Department of Epidemiology Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University New York New York USADepartment of Epidemiology Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University New York New York USADepartment of Epidemiology Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland USADepartment of Epidemiology Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University New York New York USARakai Health Sciences Program Kalisizo UgandaDepartment of Epidemiology Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University New York New York USADepartment of Epidemiology Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University New York New York USAAbstract Introduction Mobility—from overnight travel to permanent migration—can reduce service access and increase HIV risk, driving the epidemic in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). This scoping review described mobility measures used in HIV research to identify gaps and guide research on mobility to strengthen HIV responses in SSA. Methods Literature from three databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science) were systematically screened to identify research articles examining relationships between mobility and individual‐level HIV‐related outcomes in SSA from 2014 through 2023. Key terms for mobility included “mobility,” “movement,” “migration” and “travel.” Measures were first extracted according to International Organization of Migration definitions of migration (a change in the place of usual residence) and travel (movement between geographies). Then, metrics used to categorize or quantify mobility were organized by the stage (origin, transit, destination, return) and dimension (spatial, temporal, socio‐structural) of the movement captured. Measures were analysed within three research contexts: the HIV outcome(s) of interest, study population and local geographies. Outcomes included HIV acquisition, AIDS‐related death, and indicators along the prevention, care and treatment cascade. Results We identified 69 studies after screening 5343 titles/abstracts and 200 full texts for eligibility. Studies included research from 16 countries, mostly representing general adult populations in eastern and southern Africa. Most studies measured migration (51) versus travel (21) and examined relationships with HIV prevalent infection (29) or care and treatment indicators (44) compared to other epidemiological and programmatic outcomes. Studies employed a range of metrics, mostly of the duration of stay at the destination (28), the number of mobility events (12) or the geographic boundaries across which individuals moved (14). Socio‐structural dimensions like the motivation for movement were measured less often. Only 15 studies examined more than one dimension. Discussion Mobility measures varied widely and were inconsistently studied across research contexts. Future studies should fill evidence gaps, standardize reporting and develop multidimensional mobility measures tailored to local settings and HIV outcomes. Conclusions People on the move are a vast and diverse group, yet they are often labelled as a monolith. Improved measures can disentangle how different forms of mobility relate to HIV, generating actionable evidence to enhance HIV programming for ending the epidemic.https://doi.org/10.1002/jia2.26508HIV/AIDSHIV care and treatmentHIV preventionhuman mobilitymigrationtravel
spellingShingle Aleya Khalifa
Sara Wallach
M. Kate Grabowski
Dustin T. Duncan
Fred Nalugoda
Quarraisha Abdool Karim
Barun Mathema
Measuring mobility in HIV research in sub‐Saharan Africa: a scoping review
Journal of the International AIDS Society
HIV/AIDS
HIV care and treatment
HIV prevention
human mobility
migration
travel
title Measuring mobility in HIV research in sub‐Saharan Africa: a scoping review
title_full Measuring mobility in HIV research in sub‐Saharan Africa: a scoping review
title_fullStr Measuring mobility in HIV research in sub‐Saharan Africa: a scoping review
title_full_unstemmed Measuring mobility in HIV research in sub‐Saharan Africa: a scoping review
title_short Measuring mobility in HIV research in sub‐Saharan Africa: a scoping review
title_sort measuring mobility in hiv research in sub saharan africa a scoping review
topic HIV/AIDS
HIV care and treatment
HIV prevention
human mobility
migration
travel
url https://doi.org/10.1002/jia2.26508
work_keys_str_mv AT aleyakhalifa measuringmobilityinhivresearchinsubsaharanafricaascopingreview
AT sarawallach measuringmobilityinhivresearchinsubsaharanafricaascopingreview
AT mkategrabowski measuringmobilityinhivresearchinsubsaharanafricaascopingreview
AT dustintduncan measuringmobilityinhivresearchinsubsaharanafricaascopingreview
AT frednalugoda measuringmobilityinhivresearchinsubsaharanafricaascopingreview
AT quarraishaabdoolkarim measuringmobilityinhivresearchinsubsaharanafricaascopingreview
AT barunmathema measuringmobilityinhivresearchinsubsaharanafricaascopingreview