Transcriptomic and metabolomic insights into neutrophil activity in COPD complicated by metabolic syndrome

Abstract Objectives Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently coexists with metabolic syndrome (MS), compounding its impact on patients’ health and quality of life. This study aimed to elucidate the immune and metabolic response characteristics in COPD patients with and without MS. Met...

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Main Authors: Juan Li, Xue Wu, Yufen Fu, Jiliu Liu, Yao Liu, Jiahuan Li, Bomiao Qing, Yi Zhang, Jie Gao, Xiang He, Junyi Wang, Guoping Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-04-01
Series:BioMedical Engineering OnLine
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12938-025-01378-5
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author Juan Li
Xue Wu
Yufen Fu
Jiliu Liu
Yao Liu
Jiahuan Li
Bomiao Qing
Yi Zhang
Jie Gao
Xiang He
Junyi Wang
Guoping Li
author_facet Juan Li
Xue Wu
Yufen Fu
Jiliu Liu
Yao Liu
Jiahuan Li
Bomiao Qing
Yi Zhang
Jie Gao
Xiang He
Junyi Wang
Guoping Li
author_sort Juan Li
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Objectives Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently coexists with metabolic syndrome (MS), compounding its impact on patients’ health and quality of life. This study aimed to elucidate the immune and metabolic response characteristics in COPD patients with and without MS. Methods A total of 11,315 COPD patients admitted to the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine at the Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu between January 1, 2013, and May 1, 2023, were selected. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify the risk factors for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Moreover, from this cohort, 30 patients (18 with COPD and 12 with COPD–MS) were recruited for a further study to investigate the underlying mechanisms of COPD and COPD–MS. Blood samples were collected from these participants to perform transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, aiming to explore the differences in immune responses and metabolic alterations between the two groups. Results Our findings indicate a significant enhancement of neutrophil-mediated immune responses in COPD–MS patients. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 327 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) significantly involved in neutrophil-mediated immunity. Key metabolic pathways were disrupted, with 39 differential metabolites identified. Notably, metabolites, such as L-homoarginine and diethanolamine, which were elevated in COPD–MS patients, showed strong correlations with DEGs involved in neutrophil pathways and immune checkpoint regulation. The study also found decreased levels of IL4 and IL5RA in COPD–MS patients, suggesting a shift from Th2 to Th1 inflammatory responses, potentially contributing to glucocorticoid resistance. Conclusions COPD patients with metabolic syndrome exhibit a heightened neutrophil-mediated inflammatory response and significant metabolic disturbances, which underscores the need for precise therapeutic strategies targeting both metabolic and inflammatory pathways to improve patient outcomes and manage COPD–MS complexities effectively.
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spelling doaj-art-3a8855c9fe6c4bcfaf26adafe43e42e52025-08-20T03:18:41ZengBMCBioMedical Engineering OnLine1475-925X2025-04-0124112110.1186/s12938-025-01378-5Transcriptomic and metabolomic insights into neutrophil activity in COPD complicated by metabolic syndromeJuan Li0Xue Wu1Yufen Fu2Jiliu Liu3Yao Liu4Jiahuan Li5Bomiao Qing6Yi Zhang7Jie Gao8Xiang He9Junyi Wang10Guoping Li11Laboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong UniversityClinical Medicine Department, North Sichuan Medical CollegeDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLaboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong UniversityState Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and TechnologyClinical Medicine Department, North Sichuan Medical CollegeLaboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong UniversityLaboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong UniversityLaboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong UniversityLaboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong UniversityLaboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong UniversityLaboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong UniversityAbstract Objectives Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently coexists with metabolic syndrome (MS), compounding its impact on patients’ health and quality of life. This study aimed to elucidate the immune and metabolic response characteristics in COPD patients with and without MS. Methods A total of 11,315 COPD patients admitted to the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine at the Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu between January 1, 2013, and May 1, 2023, were selected. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify the risk factors for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Moreover, from this cohort, 30 patients (18 with COPD and 12 with COPD–MS) were recruited for a further study to investigate the underlying mechanisms of COPD and COPD–MS. Blood samples were collected from these participants to perform transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, aiming to explore the differences in immune responses and metabolic alterations between the two groups. Results Our findings indicate a significant enhancement of neutrophil-mediated immune responses in COPD–MS patients. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 327 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) significantly involved in neutrophil-mediated immunity. Key metabolic pathways were disrupted, with 39 differential metabolites identified. Notably, metabolites, such as L-homoarginine and diethanolamine, which were elevated in COPD–MS patients, showed strong correlations with DEGs involved in neutrophil pathways and immune checkpoint regulation. The study also found decreased levels of IL4 and IL5RA in COPD–MS patients, suggesting a shift from Th2 to Th1 inflammatory responses, potentially contributing to glucocorticoid resistance. Conclusions COPD patients with metabolic syndrome exhibit a heightened neutrophil-mediated inflammatory response and significant metabolic disturbances, which underscores the need for precise therapeutic strategies targeting both metabolic and inflammatory pathways to improve patient outcomes and manage COPD–MS complexities effectively.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12938-025-01378-5COPDMetabolic syndromeTranscriptomicsMetabolomicsNeutrophils
spellingShingle Juan Li
Xue Wu
Yufen Fu
Jiliu Liu
Yao Liu
Jiahuan Li
Bomiao Qing
Yi Zhang
Jie Gao
Xiang He
Junyi Wang
Guoping Li
Transcriptomic and metabolomic insights into neutrophil activity in COPD complicated by metabolic syndrome
BioMedical Engineering OnLine
COPD
Metabolic syndrome
Transcriptomics
Metabolomics
Neutrophils
title Transcriptomic and metabolomic insights into neutrophil activity in COPD complicated by metabolic syndrome
title_full Transcriptomic and metabolomic insights into neutrophil activity in COPD complicated by metabolic syndrome
title_fullStr Transcriptomic and metabolomic insights into neutrophil activity in COPD complicated by metabolic syndrome
title_full_unstemmed Transcriptomic and metabolomic insights into neutrophil activity in COPD complicated by metabolic syndrome
title_short Transcriptomic and metabolomic insights into neutrophil activity in COPD complicated by metabolic syndrome
title_sort transcriptomic and metabolomic insights into neutrophil activity in copd complicated by metabolic syndrome
topic COPD
Metabolic syndrome
Transcriptomics
Metabolomics
Neutrophils
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12938-025-01378-5
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