A Comparative Analysis of Cardiovascular Events Associated With Acalabrutinib Versus Ibrutinib in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Insights From a Global Federated Network

ABSTRACT Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common form of leukemia in adults, characterized by the accumulation of dysfunctional lymphocytes. Ibrutinib, a first‐generation Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, has significantly improved CLL treatment but is associated with adverse car...

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Main Authors: Abdulrahman Majrashi, Ying X. Gue, Alena Shantsila, Stella Williams, Catrin Tudur Smith, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Andrew R. Pettitt
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-06-01
Series:Pharmacology Research & Perspectives
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.70113
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author Abdulrahman Majrashi
Ying X. Gue
Alena Shantsila
Stella Williams
Catrin Tudur Smith
Gregory Y. H. Lip
Andrew R. Pettitt
author_facet Abdulrahman Majrashi
Ying X. Gue
Alena Shantsila
Stella Williams
Catrin Tudur Smith
Gregory Y. H. Lip
Andrew R. Pettitt
author_sort Abdulrahman Majrashi
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common form of leukemia in adults, characterized by the accumulation of dysfunctional lymphocytes. Ibrutinib, a first‐generation Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, has significantly improved CLL treatment but is associated with adverse cardiovascular events such as atrial fibrillation (AF) and hypertension (HTN). Second‐generation BTK inhibitors (BTKi) such as acalabrutinib were developed to have greater selectivity for BTK to reduce off‐target effects and improve safety. Comparative real‐world data between ibrutinib and second‐generation BTKi are limited. This study analyzed data from the TriNetX Global Collaborative Network to compare cardiovascular outcomes in CLL patients who received ibrutinib or acalabrutinib. The two groups were well‐balanced using propensity score matching. The outcomes examined included new‐onset AF, HTN, reported heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias, bleeding, and all‐cause mortality. The incidence of AF/flutter was lower for acalabrutinib compared to ibrutinib [5.8% vs. 11.7%; HR 0.59 (95% CI 0.43–0.83); p = 0.002]. The incidence of HTN was also lower in the acalabrutinib cohort [15% vs. 26.3%; HR 0.65 (95% CI 0.53–0.81); p < 0.05]. The incidence of heart failure, ventricular arrhythmia, bleeding events, or all‐cause mortality did not differ after 3 years of treatment with acalabrutinib or ibrutinib, respectively. Our findings indicate that acalabrutinib has a more favorable cardiovascular toxicity profile compared to ibrutinib; therefore, validating the ELEVATE‐RR trial in a real‐world setting.
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spelling doaj-art-3a696b8876a14f93ac2f49b4f97da5642025-08-20T02:07:24ZengWileyPharmacology Research & Perspectives2052-17072025-06-01133n/an/a10.1002/prp2.70113A Comparative Analysis of Cardiovascular Events Associated With Acalabrutinib Versus Ibrutinib in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Insights From a Global Federated NetworkAbdulrahman Majrashi0Ying X. Gue1Alena Shantsila2Stella Williams3Catrin Tudur Smith4Gregory Y. H. Lip5Andrew R. Pettitt6Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital Liverpool UKLiverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital Liverpool UKLiverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital Liverpool UKClatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust Liverpool UKDepartment of Health Data Science University of Liverpool Liverpool UKLiverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital Liverpool UKClatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust Liverpool UKABSTRACT Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common form of leukemia in adults, characterized by the accumulation of dysfunctional lymphocytes. Ibrutinib, a first‐generation Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, has significantly improved CLL treatment but is associated with adverse cardiovascular events such as atrial fibrillation (AF) and hypertension (HTN). Second‐generation BTK inhibitors (BTKi) such as acalabrutinib were developed to have greater selectivity for BTK to reduce off‐target effects and improve safety. Comparative real‐world data between ibrutinib and second‐generation BTKi are limited. This study analyzed data from the TriNetX Global Collaborative Network to compare cardiovascular outcomes in CLL patients who received ibrutinib or acalabrutinib. The two groups were well‐balanced using propensity score matching. The outcomes examined included new‐onset AF, HTN, reported heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias, bleeding, and all‐cause mortality. The incidence of AF/flutter was lower for acalabrutinib compared to ibrutinib [5.8% vs. 11.7%; HR 0.59 (95% CI 0.43–0.83); p = 0.002]. The incidence of HTN was also lower in the acalabrutinib cohort [15% vs. 26.3%; HR 0.65 (95% CI 0.53–0.81); p < 0.05]. The incidence of heart failure, ventricular arrhythmia, bleeding events, or all‐cause mortality did not differ after 3 years of treatment with acalabrutinib or ibrutinib, respectively. Our findings indicate that acalabrutinib has a more favorable cardiovascular toxicity profile compared to ibrutinib; therefore, validating the ELEVATE‐RR trial in a real‐world setting.https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.70113acalabrutinibatrial fibrillationcardiovascular toxicitieshypertensionibrutinib
spellingShingle Abdulrahman Majrashi
Ying X. Gue
Alena Shantsila
Stella Williams
Catrin Tudur Smith
Gregory Y. H. Lip
Andrew R. Pettitt
A Comparative Analysis of Cardiovascular Events Associated With Acalabrutinib Versus Ibrutinib in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Insights From a Global Federated Network
Pharmacology Research & Perspectives
acalabrutinib
atrial fibrillation
cardiovascular toxicities
hypertension
ibrutinib
title A Comparative Analysis of Cardiovascular Events Associated With Acalabrutinib Versus Ibrutinib in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Insights From a Global Federated Network
title_full A Comparative Analysis of Cardiovascular Events Associated With Acalabrutinib Versus Ibrutinib in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Insights From a Global Federated Network
title_fullStr A Comparative Analysis of Cardiovascular Events Associated With Acalabrutinib Versus Ibrutinib in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Insights From a Global Federated Network
title_full_unstemmed A Comparative Analysis of Cardiovascular Events Associated With Acalabrutinib Versus Ibrutinib in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Insights From a Global Federated Network
title_short A Comparative Analysis of Cardiovascular Events Associated With Acalabrutinib Versus Ibrutinib in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Insights From a Global Federated Network
title_sort comparative analysis of cardiovascular events associated with acalabrutinib versus ibrutinib in chronic lymphocytic leukemia insights from a global federated network
topic acalabrutinib
atrial fibrillation
cardiovascular toxicities
hypertension
ibrutinib
url https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.70113
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