Neuromuscular Junction Protection for the Potential Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neuromuscular disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons (MNs), leading to muscular atrophy and eventual respiratory failure. ALS research has primarily focused on mechanisms regarding MN cell death; however, degene...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dan Krakora, Corey Macrander, Masatoshi Suzuki
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2012-01-01
Series:Neurology Research International
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/379657
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849304615685718016
author Dan Krakora
Corey Macrander
Masatoshi Suzuki
author_facet Dan Krakora
Corey Macrander
Masatoshi Suzuki
author_sort Dan Krakora
collection DOAJ
description Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neuromuscular disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons (MNs), leading to muscular atrophy and eventual respiratory failure. ALS research has primarily focused on mechanisms regarding MN cell death; however, degenerative processes in the skeletal muscle, particularly involving neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), are observed in the early stages of and throughout disease progression. According to the “dying-back” hypothesis, NMJ degeneration may not only precede, but actively cause upper and lower MN loss. The importance of NMJ pathology has relatively received little attention in ALS, possibly because compensatory mechanisms mask NMJ loss for prolonged periods. Many mechanisms explaining NMJ degeneration have been proposed such as the disruption of anterograde/retrograde axonal transport, irregular cellular metabolism, and changes in muscle gene and protein expression. Neurotrophic factors, which are known to have neuroprotective and regenerative properties, have been intensely investigated for their therapeutic potential in both the preclinical and clinical setting. Additional research should focus on the potential of preserving NMJs in order to delay or prevent disease progression
format Article
id doaj-art-3a3c69f3f4ef4e33b4003374b79eea98
institution Kabale University
issn 2090-1852
2090-1860
language English
publishDate 2012-01-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Neurology Research International
spelling doaj-art-3a3c69f3f4ef4e33b4003374b79eea982025-08-20T03:55:41ZengWileyNeurology Research International2090-18522090-18602012-01-01201210.1155/2012/379657379657Neuromuscular Junction Protection for the Potential Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral SclerosisDan Krakora0Corey Macrander1Masatoshi Suzuki2Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USADepartment of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USADepartment of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USAAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neuromuscular disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons (MNs), leading to muscular atrophy and eventual respiratory failure. ALS research has primarily focused on mechanisms regarding MN cell death; however, degenerative processes in the skeletal muscle, particularly involving neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), are observed in the early stages of and throughout disease progression. According to the “dying-back” hypothesis, NMJ degeneration may not only precede, but actively cause upper and lower MN loss. The importance of NMJ pathology has relatively received little attention in ALS, possibly because compensatory mechanisms mask NMJ loss for prolonged periods. Many mechanisms explaining NMJ degeneration have been proposed such as the disruption of anterograde/retrograde axonal transport, irregular cellular metabolism, and changes in muscle gene and protein expression. Neurotrophic factors, which are known to have neuroprotective and regenerative properties, have been intensely investigated for their therapeutic potential in both the preclinical and clinical setting. Additional research should focus on the potential of preserving NMJs in order to delay or prevent disease progressionhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/379657
spellingShingle Dan Krakora
Corey Macrander
Masatoshi Suzuki
Neuromuscular Junction Protection for the Potential Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Neurology Research International
title Neuromuscular Junction Protection for the Potential Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
title_full Neuromuscular Junction Protection for the Potential Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
title_fullStr Neuromuscular Junction Protection for the Potential Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
title_full_unstemmed Neuromuscular Junction Protection for the Potential Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
title_short Neuromuscular Junction Protection for the Potential Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
title_sort neuromuscular junction protection for the potential treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/379657
work_keys_str_mv AT dankrakora neuromuscularjunctionprotectionforthepotentialtreatmentofamyotrophiclateralsclerosis
AT coreymacrander neuromuscularjunctionprotectionforthepotentialtreatmentofamyotrophiclateralsclerosis
AT masatoshisuzuki neuromuscularjunctionprotectionforthepotentialtreatmentofamyotrophiclateralsclerosis