Parametric Investigation of Oblique Incidence Angle Effects in Near-Fault P Waves on Dynamic Response of Concrete Dam

Using numerical simulations, this study investigated the seismic response of concrete dams when subjected to near-fault obliquely incident P waves. For comparison, several near-fault pulse-like movements with different motion parameters were selected and decomposed into non-pulse residual components...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shutong Xu, Jiawang Liu, Qiang Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/12/6853
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849467585143242752
author Shutong Xu
Jiawang Liu
Qiang Xu
author_facet Shutong Xu
Jiawang Liu
Qiang Xu
author_sort Shutong Xu
collection DOAJ
description Using numerical simulations, this study investigated the seismic response of concrete dams when subjected to near-fault obliquely incident P waves. For comparison, several near-fault pulse-like movements with different motion parameters were selected and decomposed into non-pulse residual components. A seismic input procedure for P wave oblique incidence was developed and verified based on the viscous-spring artificial boundary theory. A finite element model of a concrete dam system was used for nonlinear time history analyses. The damage and displacement responses were analyzed under pulse-like and non-pulse motions with incident angles varying from −90° to 90°. The response differences induced by the pulse characteristics incident direction were examined. The relationship between the seismic parameters and response indices was also determined to obtain the optimal seismic parameter describing the variation under different incident conditions. Moreover, the coupled effect of the pulse feature and oblique incidence on the dynamic response and seismic behavior was examined. Finally, a nonlinear three-dimensional predictive model was proposed based on the optimal seismic parameter <i>S</i><sub>a</sub>(<i>T</i><sub>1</sub>) and incident angle, exhibiting high correlation and accuracy. The results demonstrated that incident angles between 60° and 75° (with higher spectral acceleration values) intensified the dam damage and vibration when subjected to the oblique near-fault P waves, a crucial discovery for improving the seismic design and safety measure of concrete dams located in regions prone to near-fault seismic hazards.
format Article
id doaj-art-3a13e2bde73743159a0b9b74ed17bc14
institution Kabale University
issn 2076-3417
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Applied Sciences
spelling doaj-art-3a13e2bde73743159a0b9b74ed17bc142025-08-20T03:26:10ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-06-011512685310.3390/app15126853Parametric Investigation of Oblique Incidence Angle Effects in Near-Fault P Waves on Dynamic Response of Concrete DamShutong Xu0Jiawang Liu1Qiang Xu2College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, ChinaNational Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, ChinaUsing numerical simulations, this study investigated the seismic response of concrete dams when subjected to near-fault obliquely incident P waves. For comparison, several near-fault pulse-like movements with different motion parameters were selected and decomposed into non-pulse residual components. A seismic input procedure for P wave oblique incidence was developed and verified based on the viscous-spring artificial boundary theory. A finite element model of a concrete dam system was used for nonlinear time history analyses. The damage and displacement responses were analyzed under pulse-like and non-pulse motions with incident angles varying from −90° to 90°. The response differences induced by the pulse characteristics incident direction were examined. The relationship between the seismic parameters and response indices was also determined to obtain the optimal seismic parameter describing the variation under different incident conditions. Moreover, the coupled effect of the pulse feature and oblique incidence on the dynamic response and seismic behavior was examined. Finally, a nonlinear three-dimensional predictive model was proposed based on the optimal seismic parameter <i>S</i><sub>a</sub>(<i>T</i><sub>1</sub>) and incident angle, exhibiting high correlation and accuracy. The results demonstrated that incident angles between 60° and 75° (with higher spectral acceleration values) intensified the dam damage and vibration when subjected to the oblique near-fault P waves, a crucial discovery for improving the seismic design and safety measure of concrete dams located in regions prone to near-fault seismic hazards.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/12/6853near-fault ground motionconcrete dam systemoblique incidencedynamic response analysiseffect of seismic characteristics
spellingShingle Shutong Xu
Jiawang Liu
Qiang Xu
Parametric Investigation of Oblique Incidence Angle Effects in Near-Fault P Waves on Dynamic Response of Concrete Dam
Applied Sciences
near-fault ground motion
concrete dam system
oblique incidence
dynamic response analysis
effect of seismic characteristics
title Parametric Investigation of Oblique Incidence Angle Effects in Near-Fault P Waves on Dynamic Response of Concrete Dam
title_full Parametric Investigation of Oblique Incidence Angle Effects in Near-Fault P Waves on Dynamic Response of Concrete Dam
title_fullStr Parametric Investigation of Oblique Incidence Angle Effects in Near-Fault P Waves on Dynamic Response of Concrete Dam
title_full_unstemmed Parametric Investigation of Oblique Incidence Angle Effects in Near-Fault P Waves on Dynamic Response of Concrete Dam
title_short Parametric Investigation of Oblique Incidence Angle Effects in Near-Fault P Waves on Dynamic Response of Concrete Dam
title_sort parametric investigation of oblique incidence angle effects in near fault p waves on dynamic response of concrete dam
topic near-fault ground motion
concrete dam system
oblique incidence
dynamic response analysis
effect of seismic characteristics
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/12/6853
work_keys_str_mv AT shutongxu parametricinvestigationofobliqueincidenceangleeffectsinnearfaultpwavesondynamicresponseofconcretedam
AT jiawangliu parametricinvestigationofobliqueincidenceangleeffectsinnearfaultpwavesondynamicresponseofconcretedam
AT qiangxu parametricinvestigationofobliqueincidenceangleeffectsinnearfaultpwavesondynamicresponseofconcretedam