Enhancing seawater desalination efficiency through optimized pulsed electric field parameters in electrodialysis

Abstract Seawater desalination is essential for addressing global freshwater scarcity, but it faces challenges like energy consumption and membrane fouling. This study investigates the use of pulsed electric fields (PEF) to enhance the efficiency of the electrodialysis (ED) desalination process. An...

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Main Authors: Hussein A.Elkhwass, M. Negm, Sherif A. Kamal
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2024-12-01
Series:Journal of Engineering and Applied Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-024-00568-7
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author Hussein A.Elkhwass
M. Negm
Sherif A. Kamal
author_facet Hussein A.Elkhwass
M. Negm
Sherif A. Kamal
author_sort Hussein A.Elkhwass
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Seawater desalination is essential for addressing global freshwater scarcity, but it faces challenges like energy consumption and membrane fouling. This study investigates the use of pulsed electric fields (PEF) to enhance the efficiency of the electrodialysis (ED) desalination process. An experimental setup was developed to evaluate the impact of PEF parameters, such as frequency and duty cycle, on the removal of major seawater ions (Na⁺, Mg2⁺, Ca2⁺, K⁺, Cl−, and SO₄2−). And the influence of varying frequencies (0.9 kHz to 2 kHz) on ion removal rates, total dissolved salts (TDS), conductivity, pH, and energy consumption was evaluated. The results demonstrate that higher frequencies (1.85–2 kHz) significantly improve the removal rates of sodium and sulfate ions, achieving up to 90% removal, respectively. TDS concentration was reduced from 50,000 ppm to as low as 1000 ppm, indicating the potential of PEF-enhanced ED for efficient desalination. The analysis reveals an inverse relationship between salt concentration and electrical resistance, highlighting the need to optimize PEF parameters to leverage conductivity changes. Stable pH values and reduced water hardness further confirm the water quality improvements achieved through the PEF-enhanced ED process. The application of (PEF) in the ED process resulted in up to a 30% reduction in energy consumption and an 80% decrease in (TDS) concentration, from the initial 50,000 ppm to as low as 9912.6 ppm under optimized operating conditions, demonstrating the significant efficiency improvements achieved through this approach. This study provides valuable insights into the optimization of pulsed electric field conditions for enhanced seawater desalination, offering a promising approach to address the challenges associated with conventional desalination technologies.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1110-1903
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spelling doaj-art-3a0d878f12394286a2cc83081f67389f2024-12-29T12:33:11ZengSpringerOpenJournal of Engineering and Applied Science1110-19032536-95122024-12-0171112310.1186/s44147-024-00568-7Enhancing seawater desalination efficiency through optimized pulsed electric field parameters in electrodialysisHussein A.Elkhwass0M. Negm1Sherif A. Kamal2Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, October 6 University, 6th of October CityDepartment of Civil Engineering-Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams UniversityDepartment of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, October 6 University, 6th of October CityAbstract Seawater desalination is essential for addressing global freshwater scarcity, but it faces challenges like energy consumption and membrane fouling. This study investigates the use of pulsed electric fields (PEF) to enhance the efficiency of the electrodialysis (ED) desalination process. An experimental setup was developed to evaluate the impact of PEF parameters, such as frequency and duty cycle, on the removal of major seawater ions (Na⁺, Mg2⁺, Ca2⁺, K⁺, Cl−, and SO₄2−). And the influence of varying frequencies (0.9 kHz to 2 kHz) on ion removal rates, total dissolved salts (TDS), conductivity, pH, and energy consumption was evaluated. The results demonstrate that higher frequencies (1.85–2 kHz) significantly improve the removal rates of sodium and sulfate ions, achieving up to 90% removal, respectively. TDS concentration was reduced from 50,000 ppm to as low as 1000 ppm, indicating the potential of PEF-enhanced ED for efficient desalination. The analysis reveals an inverse relationship between salt concentration and electrical resistance, highlighting the need to optimize PEF parameters to leverage conductivity changes. Stable pH values and reduced water hardness further confirm the water quality improvements achieved through the PEF-enhanced ED process. The application of (PEF) in the ED process resulted in up to a 30% reduction in energy consumption and an 80% decrease in (TDS) concentration, from the initial 50,000 ppm to as low as 9912.6 ppm under optimized operating conditions, demonstrating the significant efficiency improvements achieved through this approach. This study provides valuable insights into the optimization of pulsed electric field conditions for enhanced seawater desalination, offering a promising approach to address the challenges associated with conventional desalination technologies.https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-024-00568-7ElectrodialysisPulsed electric fieldMembrane foulingSeawater desalinationWater qualityIon removal
spellingShingle Hussein A.Elkhwass
M. Negm
Sherif A. Kamal
Enhancing seawater desalination efficiency through optimized pulsed electric field parameters in electrodialysis
Journal of Engineering and Applied Science
Electrodialysis
Pulsed electric field
Membrane fouling
Seawater desalination
Water quality
Ion removal
title Enhancing seawater desalination efficiency through optimized pulsed electric field parameters in electrodialysis
title_full Enhancing seawater desalination efficiency through optimized pulsed electric field parameters in electrodialysis
title_fullStr Enhancing seawater desalination efficiency through optimized pulsed electric field parameters in electrodialysis
title_full_unstemmed Enhancing seawater desalination efficiency through optimized pulsed electric field parameters in electrodialysis
title_short Enhancing seawater desalination efficiency through optimized pulsed electric field parameters in electrodialysis
title_sort enhancing seawater desalination efficiency through optimized pulsed electric field parameters in electrodialysis
topic Electrodialysis
Pulsed electric field
Membrane fouling
Seawater desalination
Water quality
Ion removal
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-024-00568-7
work_keys_str_mv AT husseinaelkhwass enhancingseawaterdesalinationefficiencythroughoptimizedpulsedelectricfieldparametersinelectrodialysis
AT mnegm enhancingseawaterdesalinationefficiencythroughoptimizedpulsedelectricfieldparametersinelectrodialysis
AT sherifakamal enhancingseawaterdesalinationefficiencythroughoptimizedpulsedelectricfieldparametersinelectrodialysis