Evaluation of Ascitic Fluid Cytology in a Tertiary Hospital in South-Western Nigeria: A 7-year Retrospective Study
Background: Ascites is the pathological accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity of varied etiology. Various abnormalities can be detected through cytological analysis of ascitic fluid. Ascitic fluid cytology (AFC) is a rapid and cost-effective means of evaluating ascites to establish its...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_937_23 |
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| author | Oluwatosin O. Oguntoye Oluwafunmilayo A. Oguntoye Olawale M. Adeniyi Oluwadamilola Gideon Osasona Precious E. Nkereuwem |
| author_facet | Oluwatosin O. Oguntoye Oluwafunmilayo A. Oguntoye Olawale M. Adeniyi Oluwadamilola Gideon Osasona Precious E. Nkereuwem |
| author_sort | Oluwatosin O. Oguntoye |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background:
Ascites is the pathological accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity of varied etiology. Various abnormalities can be detected through cytological analysis of ascitic fluid. Ascitic fluid cytology (AFC) is a rapid and cost-effective means of evaluating ascites to establish its nature and cause.
Aim:
To evaluate ascitic fluid cytological findings over a seven-year period and to correlate the cytological features with the clinical profile of the patients.
Materials and Methods:
This was an observational retrospective study conducted in a healthcare facility in south-western Nigeria. The reports of AFC tests performed from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2022 were retrieved to obtain the following information for analysis: Age, Gender, Tribe, Year of the test, Provisional diagnosis, and Cytological diagnosis.
Results:
The data of a total number of 121 patients were analyzed; 61 males (50.4%) and 60 females (49.6%) with a mean (±SD) age of 51.51 ± 15.22. Decompensated cirrhosis was the commonest clinical diagnosis 65 (53.7%) followed by hepatocellular carcinoma 11 (9.1%). Ascitic fluid cytological findings showed 45 (37.2%) were positive for malignant cells; 46 (38.0%) were negative for malignant cells; 13 (10.7%) were suspicious for malignancy; 9 (7.4%) were acellular smears; and 8 (6.6%) were inflammatory smears. The ascitic fluid of only 4 out of 11 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma tested positive for malignant cells, giving a sensitivity of 36.4%.
Conclusion:
AFC remains very useful in the diagnostic work-up of patients with ascites but should not be completely relied upon in confirming a malignancy, other additional diagnostic investigations should be deployed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3a0b5f4466ec466995fbfb375c22ae5c |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2589-8302 2589-8310 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth |
| spelling | doaj-art-3a0b5f4466ec466995fbfb375c22ae5c2025-08-20T02:20:51ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsMedical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth2589-83022589-83102024-11-011761182119010.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_937_23Evaluation of Ascitic Fluid Cytology in a Tertiary Hospital in South-Western Nigeria: A 7-year Retrospective StudyOluwatosin O. OguntoyeOluwafunmilayo A. OguntoyeOlawale M. AdeniyiOluwadamilola Gideon OsasonaPrecious E. NkereuwemBackground: Ascites is the pathological accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity of varied etiology. Various abnormalities can be detected through cytological analysis of ascitic fluid. Ascitic fluid cytology (AFC) is a rapid and cost-effective means of evaluating ascites to establish its nature and cause. Aim: To evaluate ascitic fluid cytological findings over a seven-year period and to correlate the cytological features with the clinical profile of the patients. Materials and Methods: This was an observational retrospective study conducted in a healthcare facility in south-western Nigeria. The reports of AFC tests performed from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2022 were retrieved to obtain the following information for analysis: Age, Gender, Tribe, Year of the test, Provisional diagnosis, and Cytological diagnosis. Results: The data of a total number of 121 patients were analyzed; 61 males (50.4%) and 60 females (49.6%) with a mean (±SD) age of 51.51 ± 15.22. Decompensated cirrhosis was the commonest clinical diagnosis 65 (53.7%) followed by hepatocellular carcinoma 11 (9.1%). Ascitic fluid cytological findings showed 45 (37.2%) were positive for malignant cells; 46 (38.0%) were negative for malignant cells; 13 (10.7%) were suspicious for malignancy; 9 (7.4%) were acellular smears; and 8 (6.6%) were inflammatory smears. The ascitic fluid of only 4 out of 11 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma tested positive for malignant cells, giving a sensitivity of 36.4%. Conclusion: AFC remains very useful in the diagnostic work-up of patients with ascites but should not be completely relied upon in confirming a malignancy, other additional diagnostic investigations should be deployed.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_937_23ascitescytologyevaluationliver diseasemalignancynigeria |
| spellingShingle | Oluwatosin O. Oguntoye Oluwafunmilayo A. Oguntoye Olawale M. Adeniyi Oluwadamilola Gideon Osasona Precious E. Nkereuwem Evaluation of Ascitic Fluid Cytology in a Tertiary Hospital in South-Western Nigeria: A 7-year Retrospective Study Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth ascites cytology evaluation liver disease malignancy nigeria |
| title | Evaluation of Ascitic Fluid Cytology in a Tertiary Hospital in South-Western Nigeria: A 7-year Retrospective Study |
| title_full | Evaluation of Ascitic Fluid Cytology in a Tertiary Hospital in South-Western Nigeria: A 7-year Retrospective Study |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Ascitic Fluid Cytology in a Tertiary Hospital in South-Western Nigeria: A 7-year Retrospective Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Ascitic Fluid Cytology in a Tertiary Hospital in South-Western Nigeria: A 7-year Retrospective Study |
| title_short | Evaluation of Ascitic Fluid Cytology in a Tertiary Hospital in South-Western Nigeria: A 7-year Retrospective Study |
| title_sort | evaluation of ascitic fluid cytology in a tertiary hospital in south western nigeria a 7 year retrospective study |
| topic | ascites cytology evaluation liver disease malignancy nigeria |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_937_23 |
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