Response Surface Methodology Process Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Castor Seed Oil

The increasing demand for energy and the depletion of fossil fuel resources has led to the search for an alternative energy source. The search for such alternative fuel sources has oriented biodiesel synthesis as the ultimate alternative energy resource of the future. The purpose of this study was t...

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Main Authors: Kenatu Angassa, Embaye Tesfay, Tsedekech Gebremeskel Weldmichael, Seble Kebede
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2023-01-01
Series:Journal of Chemistry
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6657732
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author Kenatu Angassa
Embaye Tesfay
Tsedekech Gebremeskel Weldmichael
Seble Kebede
author_facet Kenatu Angassa
Embaye Tesfay
Tsedekech Gebremeskel Weldmichael
Seble Kebede
author_sort Kenatu Angassa
collection DOAJ
description The increasing demand for energy and the depletion of fossil fuel resources has led to the search for an alternative energy source. The search for such alternative fuel sources has oriented biodiesel synthesis as the ultimate alternative energy resource of the future. The purpose of this study was to produce castor oil and optimize biodiesel production using full factorial central composite design (CCD) through the response surface methodology (RSM) approach. The castor oil was extracted using a mechanical press, and free fatty acids were reduced with acid esterification and biodiesel produced through the transesterification process using homogeneous catalysts. The physicochemical properties of extracted castor oil and biodiesel including density, kinematic viscosity, saponification number, free fatty acid, acid number, cetane number, and iodine number were determined. The ideal conditions for producing biodiesel from castor oil are anticipated to be a reaction period of 105 min at a temperature of 50°C, a catalyst loading weight of 1.5%, and a methanol-to-oil ratio of 5 : 1. The biodiesel yield obtained was 95.0%, and the results of the measured parameters of biodiesel were compared with the international standards of the European norms (EN14214) and the American Society Test Material (ASTM) D6751. The weight composition of both fatty acid and methyl ester was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The study concluded that the results of this research are beneficial in optimizing the parameters for making biodiesel from extracted castor oil.
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publishDate 2023-01-01
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spelling doaj-art-39f3c067666f4cb2a3e3c8139a7d4eea2025-08-20T03:35:51ZengWileyJournal of Chemistry2090-90712023-01-01202310.1155/2023/6657732Response Surface Methodology Process Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Castor Seed OilKenatu Angassa0Embaye Tesfay1Tsedekech Gebremeskel Weldmichael2Seble Kebede3Department of Environmental EngineeringDepartment of Environmental EngineeringDepartment of Environmental EngineeringDepartment of Environmental EngineeringThe increasing demand for energy and the depletion of fossil fuel resources has led to the search for an alternative energy source. The search for such alternative fuel sources has oriented biodiesel synthesis as the ultimate alternative energy resource of the future. The purpose of this study was to produce castor oil and optimize biodiesel production using full factorial central composite design (CCD) through the response surface methodology (RSM) approach. The castor oil was extracted using a mechanical press, and free fatty acids were reduced with acid esterification and biodiesel produced through the transesterification process using homogeneous catalysts. The physicochemical properties of extracted castor oil and biodiesel including density, kinematic viscosity, saponification number, free fatty acid, acid number, cetane number, and iodine number were determined. The ideal conditions for producing biodiesel from castor oil are anticipated to be a reaction period of 105 min at a temperature of 50°C, a catalyst loading weight of 1.5%, and a methanol-to-oil ratio of 5 : 1. The biodiesel yield obtained was 95.0%, and the results of the measured parameters of biodiesel were compared with the international standards of the European norms (EN14214) and the American Society Test Material (ASTM) D6751. The weight composition of both fatty acid and methyl ester was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The study concluded that the results of this research are beneficial in optimizing the parameters for making biodiesel from extracted castor oil.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6657732
spellingShingle Kenatu Angassa
Embaye Tesfay
Tsedekech Gebremeskel Weldmichael
Seble Kebede
Response Surface Methodology Process Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Castor Seed Oil
Journal of Chemistry
title Response Surface Methodology Process Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Castor Seed Oil
title_full Response Surface Methodology Process Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Castor Seed Oil
title_fullStr Response Surface Methodology Process Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Castor Seed Oil
title_full_unstemmed Response Surface Methodology Process Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Castor Seed Oil
title_short Response Surface Methodology Process Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Castor Seed Oil
title_sort response surface methodology process optimization of biodiesel production from castor seed oil
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6657732
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AT tsedekechgebremeskelweldmichael responsesurfacemethodologyprocessoptimizationofbiodieselproductionfromcastorseedoil
AT seblekebede responsesurfacemethodologyprocessoptimizationofbiodieselproductionfromcastorseedoil