Magnetospheric Multiscale Observations of Earth's Oblique Bow Shock Reformation by Foreshock Ultralow‐Frequency Waves

Abstract Collisionless shocks can be nonstationary with periodic reformation shown in many simulation results, but direct observations are still tenuous and difficult to conclusively interpret. In this study, using Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) observations, we report direct observational evidence...

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Main Authors: Terry Z. Liu, Yufei Hao, Lynn B. Wilson III, Drew L. Turner, Hui Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2021-01-01
Series:Geophysical Research Letters
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL091184
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author Terry Z. Liu
Yufei Hao
Lynn B. Wilson III
Drew L. Turner
Hui Zhang
author_facet Terry Z. Liu
Yufei Hao
Lynn B. Wilson III
Drew L. Turner
Hui Zhang
author_sort Terry Z. Liu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Collisionless shocks can be nonstationary with periodic reformation shown in many simulation results, but direct observations are still tenuous and difficult to conclusively interpret. In this study, using Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) observations, we report direct observational evidence of Earth's oblique bow shock reformation driven by the foreshock Ultralow‐Frequency (ULF) waves. When the four MMS spacecraft were in a string‐of‐pearls formation roughly along the bow shock normal, they observed that when each period of foreshock ULF waves encountered the bow shock, a new shock ramp formed. Meanwhile, in the magnetosheath, the old bow shock's remnants were observed periodically convecting downstream. We propose that the reformation mechanism of the oblique bow shock is the variation of the upstream conditions by the periodic ULF waves as they encounter the bow shock. We also examine the nature of reflected ions during the reformation process.
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id doaj-art-397b2e3bb0704478b4e93abffa13fd50
institution DOAJ
issn 0094-8276
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language English
publishDate 2021-01-01
publisher Wiley
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series Geophysical Research Letters
spelling doaj-art-397b2e3bb0704478b4e93abffa13fd502025-08-20T03:04:21ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072021-01-01482n/an/a10.1029/2020GL091184Magnetospheric Multiscale Observations of Earth's Oblique Bow Shock Reformation by Foreshock Ultralow‐Frequency WavesTerry Z. Liu0Yufei Hao1Lynn B. Wilson III2Drew L. Turner3Hui Zhang4Cooperative Programs for the Advancement of Earth System Science University Corporation for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO USAKey Laboratory of Planetary Sciences Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing ChinaHeliophysics Science Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USAJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Johns Hopkins University Laurel MD USAGeophysical Institute University of Alaska Fairbanks AK USAAbstract Collisionless shocks can be nonstationary with periodic reformation shown in many simulation results, but direct observations are still tenuous and difficult to conclusively interpret. In this study, using Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) observations, we report direct observational evidence of Earth's oblique bow shock reformation driven by the foreshock Ultralow‐Frequency (ULF) waves. When the four MMS spacecraft were in a string‐of‐pearls formation roughly along the bow shock normal, they observed that when each period of foreshock ULF waves encountered the bow shock, a new shock ramp formed. Meanwhile, in the magnetosheath, the old bow shock's remnants were observed periodically convecting downstream. We propose that the reformation mechanism of the oblique bow shock is the variation of the upstream conditions by the periodic ULF waves as they encounter the bow shock. We also examine the nature of reflected ions during the reformation process.https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL091184foreshock ULF wavesshockshock reformation
spellingShingle Terry Z. Liu
Yufei Hao
Lynn B. Wilson III
Drew L. Turner
Hui Zhang
Magnetospheric Multiscale Observations of Earth's Oblique Bow Shock Reformation by Foreshock Ultralow‐Frequency Waves
Geophysical Research Letters
foreshock ULF waves
shock
shock reformation
title Magnetospheric Multiscale Observations of Earth's Oblique Bow Shock Reformation by Foreshock Ultralow‐Frequency Waves
title_full Magnetospheric Multiscale Observations of Earth's Oblique Bow Shock Reformation by Foreshock Ultralow‐Frequency Waves
title_fullStr Magnetospheric Multiscale Observations of Earth's Oblique Bow Shock Reformation by Foreshock Ultralow‐Frequency Waves
title_full_unstemmed Magnetospheric Multiscale Observations of Earth's Oblique Bow Shock Reformation by Foreshock Ultralow‐Frequency Waves
title_short Magnetospheric Multiscale Observations of Earth's Oblique Bow Shock Reformation by Foreshock Ultralow‐Frequency Waves
title_sort magnetospheric multiscale observations of earth s oblique bow shock reformation by foreshock ultralow frequency waves
topic foreshock ULF waves
shock
shock reformation
url https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL091184
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