Leptospiral infection: a serosurvey in urban and rural communities in Olavarría county, Argentina
Introduction: Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonotic disease, affecting mainly poor and vulnerable populations. Methodology: A cross sectional-study was carried out in 557 subjects from Olavarría county (Argentina) to estimate the seroprevalence of leptospirosis and the factors associated with se...
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The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
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| Online Access: | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/13154 |
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| author | Mariana Alejandra Rivero Exequiel Alejandro Scialfa Héctor Mario Appendino Melina Barbero Paola Barragán Félix Carlos Martin Betsabé Morón Julia Analia Silva Adela Tisnés Silvia Marcela Estein Marcelo Lisandro Signorini Silvia Elena González Ayala Jorge Bolpe |
| author_facet | Mariana Alejandra Rivero Exequiel Alejandro Scialfa Héctor Mario Appendino Melina Barbero Paola Barragán Félix Carlos Martin Betsabé Morón Julia Analia Silva Adela Tisnés Silvia Marcela Estein Marcelo Lisandro Signorini Silvia Elena González Ayala Jorge Bolpe |
| author_sort | Mariana Alejandra Rivero |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Introduction: Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonotic disease, affecting mainly poor and vulnerable populations.
Methodology: A cross sectional-study was carried out in 557 subjects from Olavarría county (Argentina) to estimate the seroprevalence of leptospirosis and the factors associated with seropositivity. A survey was carried out to obtain clinical and epidemiological data. Serum was tested for anti-leptospiral antibodies by Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT). Chi-square or Fisher Exact tests were used to assess association between the MAT results and the exploratory variables. For the variables statistically associated, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. Individuals from Olavarría city were georeferenced to describe the spatial distribution and to detect clusters of seropositivity for leptospiral antibodies.
Results: The overall prevalence of leptospirosis infection was 7.00%, higher in rural (19.66%) than in urban populations (3.64%) (p < 0.001). Sejroe was the most predominant serogroup in rural communities while Icterohaemorrhagiae was the most prevalent in urban populations. The factors associated with Leptospira infection were the presence of rodents inside households (OR = 3.9) in rural populations, while contact with cats (OR = 4.97) and male gender (OR = 7.75) represented higher risk of infection for the urban ones. Cases with positive serology have been found near Tapalqué stream or in the peripheral areas of Olavarría city.
Conclusions: The results from data obtained during the study period were similar to other reports and demonstrate the importance of continuous epidemiological surveillance system and specific community educational campaigns to prevent the leptospirosis infection in Olavarría county and other communities with similar characteristics especially in rural areas.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3939ef8ce28c489cae6665a525d2ae4f |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1972-2680 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
| spelling | doaj-art-3939ef8ce28c489cae6665a525d2ae4f2025-08-20T02:14:11ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802022-04-01160410.3855/jidc.13154Leptospiral infection: a serosurvey in urban and rural communities in Olavarría county, ArgentinaMariana Alejandra Rivero0Exequiel Alejandro Scialfa1Héctor Mario Appendino2Melina Barbero3Paola Barragán4Félix Carlos Martin5Betsabé Morón6Julia Analia Silva7Adela Tisnés8Silvia Marcela Estein9Marcelo Lisandro Signorini10Silvia Elena González Ayala11Jorge Bolpe12Veterinary Research Center of Tandil (CIVETAN) (CICPBA-UNCPBA-CONICET), Tandil, ArgentinaAgronomy Faculty, UNCPBA, Azul, ArgentinaSchool of Medicine, UNCPBA, Olavarría, ArgentinaSchool of Medicine, UNCPBA, Olavarría, ArgentinaSchool of Medicine, UNCPBA, Olavarría, ArgentinaSchool of Medicine, UNCPBA, Olavarría, ArgentinaSchool of Medicine, UNCPBA, Olavarría, ArgentinaVeterinary Research Center of Tandil (CIVETAN) (CICPBA-UNCPBA-CONICET), Tandil, ArgentinaFaculty of Human Sciences (UNCPBA) CIG- IGEHCS- CONICET, Tandil, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaVeterinary Research Center of Tandil (CIVETAN) (CICPBA-UNCPBA-CONICET), Tandil, ArgentinaFaculty of Veterinary Sciences, National University of the Litoral (CONICET), Esperanza, ArgentinaSchool of Medicine, UNCPBA, Olavarría, ArgentinaDepartment of Rural Zoonoses, Provincial Bureau of Public Health Medicine, Ministry of Health, Buenos Aires Province, Azul, Argentina Introduction: Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonotic disease, affecting mainly poor and vulnerable populations. Methodology: A cross sectional-study was carried out in 557 subjects from Olavarría county (Argentina) to estimate the seroprevalence of leptospirosis and the factors associated with seropositivity. A survey was carried out to obtain clinical and epidemiological data. Serum was tested for anti-leptospiral antibodies by Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT). Chi-square or Fisher Exact tests were used to assess association between the MAT results and the exploratory variables. For the variables statistically associated, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. Individuals from Olavarría city were georeferenced to describe the spatial distribution and to detect clusters of seropositivity for leptospiral antibodies. Results: The overall prevalence of leptospirosis infection was 7.00%, higher in rural (19.66%) than in urban populations (3.64%) (p < 0.001). Sejroe was the most predominant serogroup in rural communities while Icterohaemorrhagiae was the most prevalent in urban populations. The factors associated with Leptospira infection were the presence of rodents inside households (OR = 3.9) in rural populations, while contact with cats (OR = 4.97) and male gender (OR = 7.75) represented higher risk of infection for the urban ones. Cases with positive serology have been found near Tapalqué stream or in the peripheral areas of Olavarría city. Conclusions: The results from data obtained during the study period were similar to other reports and demonstrate the importance of continuous epidemiological surveillance system and specific community educational campaigns to prevent the leptospirosis infection in Olavarría county and other communities with similar characteristics especially in rural areas. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/13154Leptospirosisseroprevalencerisk factors |
| spellingShingle | Mariana Alejandra Rivero Exequiel Alejandro Scialfa Héctor Mario Appendino Melina Barbero Paola Barragán Félix Carlos Martin Betsabé Morón Julia Analia Silva Adela Tisnés Silvia Marcela Estein Marcelo Lisandro Signorini Silvia Elena González Ayala Jorge Bolpe Leptospiral infection: a serosurvey in urban and rural communities in Olavarría county, Argentina Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Leptospirosis seroprevalence risk factors |
| title | Leptospiral infection: a serosurvey in urban and rural communities in Olavarría county, Argentina |
| title_full | Leptospiral infection: a serosurvey in urban and rural communities in Olavarría county, Argentina |
| title_fullStr | Leptospiral infection: a serosurvey in urban and rural communities in Olavarría county, Argentina |
| title_full_unstemmed | Leptospiral infection: a serosurvey in urban and rural communities in Olavarría county, Argentina |
| title_short | Leptospiral infection: a serosurvey in urban and rural communities in Olavarría county, Argentina |
| title_sort | leptospiral infection a serosurvey in urban and rural communities in olavarria county argentina |
| topic | Leptospirosis seroprevalence risk factors |
| url | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/13154 |
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