Seasonal Dynamics of Non-Biting Midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Relevant Environmental Factors
The family Chironomidae is speciose and is present in almost all freshwater habitats. Adult non-biting midges emerge from waterbodies and swarm in high numbers, occasionally disrupting people’s outdoor activities. In order to understand the seasonal dynamics of species composition, a continuous obse...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-11-01
|
| Series: | Insects |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/15/12/921 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846104275262898176 |
|---|---|
| author | Teng Lei Jingjing Gu Mengyao Zhao Yuqiu Chen Chao Song Xin Qi |
| author_facet | Teng Lei Jingjing Gu Mengyao Zhao Yuqiu Chen Chao Song Xin Qi |
| author_sort | Teng Lei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The family Chironomidae is speciose and is present in almost all freshwater habitats. Adult non-biting midges emerge from waterbodies and swarm in high numbers, occasionally disrupting people’s outdoor activities. In order to understand the seasonal dynamics of species composition, a continuous observation of non-biting midge diversity was performed. Adult non-biting midges were collected using light traps from the autumn of 2022 to the summer of 2023 in an urban wetland park. Species were identified based on morphological characteristics and DNA barcodes. Alpha diversity was evaluated using Margalef, Pielou, and Shannon–Wiener indexes. Beta diversity was evaluated using unconstrained NMDS analysis and constrained CCA. The impacts of environmental factors, including barometric pressure, temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed, on the variation in species composition were estimated in the constrained analyses. A total of 42 species were identified, with 29 species belonging to Chironominae, 9 species belonging to Orthocladiinae, and 4 species belonging to Tanypodinae. The species composition varied across different seasons. Summer sites and autumn sites shared the highest similarity in diversity, and spring sites presented the lowest diversity. The variation was significantly correlated with environmental conditions. The results showed that seasonality is a factor influencing the diversity of adult non-biting midges. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-38e9b724e1be470aae5d38b78a3eae90 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj-art-38e9b724e1be470aae5d38b78a3eae902024-12-27T14:31:11ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502024-11-01151292110.3390/insects15120921Seasonal Dynamics of Non-Biting Midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Relevant Environmental FactorsTeng Lei0Jingjing Gu1Mengyao Zhao2Yuqiu Chen3Chao Song4Xin Qi5Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, ChinaManaging Committee of Xianju National Park, Xianju 317300, ChinaZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, ChinaTaizhou Pollution Control Technology Center Co., Ltd., Taizhou 318000, ChinaZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, ChinaZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, ChinaThe family Chironomidae is speciose and is present in almost all freshwater habitats. Adult non-biting midges emerge from waterbodies and swarm in high numbers, occasionally disrupting people’s outdoor activities. In order to understand the seasonal dynamics of species composition, a continuous observation of non-biting midge diversity was performed. Adult non-biting midges were collected using light traps from the autumn of 2022 to the summer of 2023 in an urban wetland park. Species were identified based on morphological characteristics and DNA barcodes. Alpha diversity was evaluated using Margalef, Pielou, and Shannon–Wiener indexes. Beta diversity was evaluated using unconstrained NMDS analysis and constrained CCA. The impacts of environmental factors, including barometric pressure, temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed, on the variation in species composition were estimated in the constrained analyses. A total of 42 species were identified, with 29 species belonging to Chironominae, 9 species belonging to Orthocladiinae, and 4 species belonging to Tanypodinae. The species composition varied across different seasons. Summer sites and autumn sites shared the highest similarity in diversity, and spring sites presented the lowest diversity. The variation was significantly correlated with environmental conditions. The results showed that seasonality is a factor influencing the diversity of adult non-biting midges.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/15/12/921Chironomidaenon-biting midgeseasonal dynamicsenvironmental conditions |
| spellingShingle | Teng Lei Jingjing Gu Mengyao Zhao Yuqiu Chen Chao Song Xin Qi Seasonal Dynamics of Non-Biting Midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Relevant Environmental Factors Insects Chironomidae non-biting midge seasonal dynamics environmental conditions |
| title | Seasonal Dynamics of Non-Biting Midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Relevant Environmental Factors |
| title_full | Seasonal Dynamics of Non-Biting Midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Relevant Environmental Factors |
| title_fullStr | Seasonal Dynamics of Non-Biting Midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Relevant Environmental Factors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal Dynamics of Non-Biting Midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Relevant Environmental Factors |
| title_short | Seasonal Dynamics of Non-Biting Midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Relevant Environmental Factors |
| title_sort | seasonal dynamics of non biting midges diptera chironomidae and relevant environmental factors |
| topic | Chironomidae non-biting midge seasonal dynamics environmental conditions |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/15/12/921 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tenglei seasonaldynamicsofnonbitingmidgesdipterachironomidaeandrelevantenvironmentalfactors AT jingjinggu seasonaldynamicsofnonbitingmidgesdipterachironomidaeandrelevantenvironmentalfactors AT mengyaozhao seasonaldynamicsofnonbitingmidgesdipterachironomidaeandrelevantenvironmentalfactors AT yuqiuchen seasonaldynamicsofnonbitingmidgesdipterachironomidaeandrelevantenvironmentalfactors AT chaosong seasonaldynamicsofnonbitingmidgesdipterachironomidaeandrelevantenvironmentalfactors AT xinqi seasonaldynamicsofnonbitingmidgesdipterachironomidaeandrelevantenvironmentalfactors |