Autoimmune and Neoplastic Thyroid Diseases Associated with Hepatitis C Chronic Infection
Frequently, patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection have high levels of serum anti-thyroperoxidase and/or anti-thyroglobulin autoantibodies, ultrasonographic signs of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, and subclinical hypothyroidism, in female gender versus healthy controls, or hepatiti...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2014-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Endocrinology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/935131 |
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| author | Poupak Fallahi Silvia Martina Ferrari Ugo Politti Dilia Giuggioli Clodoveo Ferri Alessandro Antonelli |
| author_facet | Poupak Fallahi Silvia Martina Ferrari Ugo Politti Dilia Giuggioli Clodoveo Ferri Alessandro Antonelli |
| author_sort | Poupak Fallahi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Frequently, patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection have high levels of serum anti-thyroperoxidase and/or anti-thyroglobulin autoantibodies, ultrasonographic signs of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, and subclinical hypothyroidism, in female gender versus healthy controls, or hepatitis B virus infected patients. In patients with “HCV-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia” (MC + HCV), a higher prevalence of thyroid autoimmune disorders was shown not only compared to controls, but also versus HCV patients without cryoglobulinemia. Patients with MC + HCV or HCV chronic infection show a higher prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer than controls, in particular in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis. Patients with HCV chronic infection, or with MC + HCV, in presence of autoimmune thyroiditis, show higher serum levels of T-helper (Th)1 (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10) chemokine, but normal levels of Th2 (C-C motif) ligand 2 chemokine, than patients without thyroiditis. HCV thyroid infection could act by upregulating CXCL10 gene expression and secretion in thyrocytes recruiting Th1 lymphocytes that secrete interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α. These cytokines might induce a further CXCL10 secretion by thyrocytes, thus perpetuating the immune cascade, which may lead to the appearance of autoimmune thyroid disorders in genetically predisposed subjects. A careful monitoring of thyroid function, particularly where nodules occur, is recommended in HCV patients. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-38aaf92f73f3450eb5e03f18fbcab816 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-8337 1687-8345 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-38aaf92f73f3450eb5e03f18fbcab8162025-02-03T01:11:16ZengWileyInternational Journal of Endocrinology1687-83371687-83452014-01-01201410.1155/2014/935131935131Autoimmune and Neoplastic Thyroid Diseases Associated with Hepatitis C Chronic InfectionPoupak Fallahi0Silvia Martina Ferrari1Ugo Politti2Dilia Giuggioli3Clodoveo Ferri4Alessandro Antonelli5Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Medical, Surgical, Maternal, Pediatric and Adult Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41100 Modena, ItalyDepartment of Medical, Surgical, Maternal, Pediatric and Adult Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41100 Modena, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, ItalyFrequently, patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection have high levels of serum anti-thyroperoxidase and/or anti-thyroglobulin autoantibodies, ultrasonographic signs of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, and subclinical hypothyroidism, in female gender versus healthy controls, or hepatitis B virus infected patients. In patients with “HCV-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia” (MC + HCV), a higher prevalence of thyroid autoimmune disorders was shown not only compared to controls, but also versus HCV patients without cryoglobulinemia. Patients with MC + HCV or HCV chronic infection show a higher prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer than controls, in particular in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis. Patients with HCV chronic infection, or with MC + HCV, in presence of autoimmune thyroiditis, show higher serum levels of T-helper (Th)1 (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10) chemokine, but normal levels of Th2 (C-C motif) ligand 2 chemokine, than patients without thyroiditis. HCV thyroid infection could act by upregulating CXCL10 gene expression and secretion in thyrocytes recruiting Th1 lymphocytes that secrete interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α. These cytokines might induce a further CXCL10 secretion by thyrocytes, thus perpetuating the immune cascade, which may lead to the appearance of autoimmune thyroid disorders in genetically predisposed subjects. A careful monitoring of thyroid function, particularly where nodules occur, is recommended in HCV patients.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/935131 |
| spellingShingle | Poupak Fallahi Silvia Martina Ferrari Ugo Politti Dilia Giuggioli Clodoveo Ferri Alessandro Antonelli Autoimmune and Neoplastic Thyroid Diseases Associated with Hepatitis C Chronic Infection International Journal of Endocrinology |
| title | Autoimmune and Neoplastic Thyroid Diseases Associated with Hepatitis C Chronic Infection |
| title_full | Autoimmune and Neoplastic Thyroid Diseases Associated with Hepatitis C Chronic Infection |
| title_fullStr | Autoimmune and Neoplastic Thyroid Diseases Associated with Hepatitis C Chronic Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Autoimmune and Neoplastic Thyroid Diseases Associated with Hepatitis C Chronic Infection |
| title_short | Autoimmune and Neoplastic Thyroid Diseases Associated with Hepatitis C Chronic Infection |
| title_sort | autoimmune and neoplastic thyroid diseases associated with hepatitis c chronic infection |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/935131 |
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