Programmed Death-Ligand 1, C-reactive Protein, and Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio as Lymphangiogenesis Markers of Metastasis in Penile Cancer – A Systematic Review
The spread of penile cancer cells through lymphatic vessels provides the potential for using compounds involved in lymphangiogenesis, such as programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and Ki-67, in predicting the development of lymphatic metastas...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Sciendo
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Forum of Clinical Oncology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.2478/fco-2023-0010 |
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