Effectiveness of AstraZeneca vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 (ChAdox1-S) in reducing in-hospital mortality in individuals with COVID-19 and schizophrenia: A retrospective cohort study

ChAdOx1-S is a viral vector vaccine developed by AstraZeneca. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of 1 and 2 doses of the ChAdOx1-S vaccine in reducing COVID-19-related in-hospital mortality in individuals with schizophrenia. This is a retrospective cohort study using a nationwide hospital database...

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Main Authors: Tiffany Dyu, Char Leung, Ana Cristina Simões-e-Silva
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2024-12-01
Series:Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21645515.2024.2379865
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author Tiffany Dyu
Char Leung
Ana Cristina Simões-e-Silva
author_facet Tiffany Dyu
Char Leung
Ana Cristina Simões-e-Silva
author_sort Tiffany Dyu
collection DOAJ
description ChAdOx1-S is a viral vector vaccine developed by AstraZeneca. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of 1 and 2 doses of the ChAdOx1-S vaccine in reducing COVID-19-related in-hospital mortality in individuals with schizophrenia. This is a retrospective cohort study using a nationwide hospital database in Brazil. Individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 and schizophrenia were included in the study. The exposures were 0, 1, and 2 doses of ChAdOx1-S. The outcome of mortality was measured in hazard ratios (HR), calculated using multivariable Cox regression models. The study included 1,929 positive cases of COVID-19 in schizophrenia patients. After adjusting for age, socioeconomic factors, and comorbidities, we observed a significant 55% decrease in the hazard of mortality in the 2-dose vaccination group (HR 0.45, 95% CI: 0.310–0.652) compared to the unvaccinated. Surprisingly, our results did not show any significant reduction in the hazard of mortality in the 1 dose vaccination group (HR 1.278, 95% CI: 0.910–1.795). The effectiveness of two doses of ChAdOx1-S in individuals with schizophrenia aligns with findings from studies on the general population. That one dose was insignificant. Overall, these findings are important for informing public health decisions – prioritizing individuals with schizophrenia for vaccinations and managing acceptance of vaccines.
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spelling doaj-art-386f26c461d94115b50abd6bd3f8fa002025-08-20T03:12:43ZengTaylor & Francis GroupHuman Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics2164-55152164-554X2024-12-0120110.1080/21645515.2024.2379865Effectiveness of AstraZeneca vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 (ChAdox1-S) in reducing in-hospital mortality in individuals with COVID-19 and schizophrenia: A retrospective cohort studyTiffany Dyu0Char Leung1Ana Cristina Simões-e-Silva2School of Biological Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UKDepartment of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UKFaculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, BrazilChAdOx1-S is a viral vector vaccine developed by AstraZeneca. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of 1 and 2 doses of the ChAdOx1-S vaccine in reducing COVID-19-related in-hospital mortality in individuals with schizophrenia. This is a retrospective cohort study using a nationwide hospital database in Brazil. Individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 and schizophrenia were included in the study. The exposures were 0, 1, and 2 doses of ChAdOx1-S. The outcome of mortality was measured in hazard ratios (HR), calculated using multivariable Cox regression models. The study included 1,929 positive cases of COVID-19 in schizophrenia patients. After adjusting for age, socioeconomic factors, and comorbidities, we observed a significant 55% decrease in the hazard of mortality in the 2-dose vaccination group (HR 0.45, 95% CI: 0.310–0.652) compared to the unvaccinated. Surprisingly, our results did not show any significant reduction in the hazard of mortality in the 1 dose vaccination group (HR 1.278, 95% CI: 0.910–1.795). The effectiveness of two doses of ChAdOx1-S in individuals with schizophrenia aligns with findings from studies on the general population. That one dose was insignificant. Overall, these findings are important for informing public health decisions – prioritizing individuals with schizophrenia for vaccinations and managing acceptance of vaccines.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21645515.2024.2379865COVID-19SARS-CoV-2schizophreniamortalityvaccineChAdOx1-S
spellingShingle Tiffany Dyu
Char Leung
Ana Cristina Simões-e-Silva
Effectiveness of AstraZeneca vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 (ChAdox1-S) in reducing in-hospital mortality in individuals with COVID-19 and schizophrenia: A retrospective cohort study
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
schizophrenia
mortality
vaccine
ChAdOx1-S
title Effectiveness of AstraZeneca vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 (ChAdox1-S) in reducing in-hospital mortality in individuals with COVID-19 and schizophrenia: A retrospective cohort study
title_full Effectiveness of AstraZeneca vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 (ChAdox1-S) in reducing in-hospital mortality in individuals with COVID-19 and schizophrenia: A retrospective cohort study
title_fullStr Effectiveness of AstraZeneca vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 (ChAdox1-S) in reducing in-hospital mortality in individuals with COVID-19 and schizophrenia: A retrospective cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Effectiveness of AstraZeneca vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 (ChAdox1-S) in reducing in-hospital mortality in individuals with COVID-19 and schizophrenia: A retrospective cohort study
title_short Effectiveness of AstraZeneca vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 (ChAdox1-S) in reducing in-hospital mortality in individuals with COVID-19 and schizophrenia: A retrospective cohort study
title_sort effectiveness of astrazeneca vaccine against sars cov 2 chadox1 s in reducing in hospital mortality in individuals with covid 19 and schizophrenia a retrospective cohort study
topic COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
schizophrenia
mortality
vaccine
ChAdOx1-S
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21645515.2024.2379865
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