From Fibonacci Sequence to the Golden Ratio

We consider the well-known characterization of the Golden ratio as limit of the ratio of consecutive terms of the Fibonacci sequence, and we give an explanation of this property in the framework of the Difference Equations Theory. We show that the Golden ratio coincides with this limit not because i...

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Main Authors: Alberto Fiorenza, Giovanni Vincenzi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2013-01-01
Series:Journal of Mathematics
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/204674
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author Alberto Fiorenza
Giovanni Vincenzi
author_facet Alberto Fiorenza
Giovanni Vincenzi
author_sort Alberto Fiorenza
collection DOAJ
description We consider the well-known characterization of the Golden ratio as limit of the ratio of consecutive terms of the Fibonacci sequence, and we give an explanation of this property in the framework of the Difference Equations Theory. We show that the Golden ratio coincides with this limit not because it is the root with maximum modulus and multiplicity of the characteristic polynomial, but, from a more general point of view, because it is the root with maximum modulus and multiplicity of a restricted set of roots, which in this special case coincides with the two roots of the characteristic polynomial. This new perspective is the heart of the characterization of the limit of ratio of consecutive terms of all linear homogeneous recurrences with constant coefficients, without any assumption on the roots of the characteristic polynomial, which may be, in particular, also complex and not real.
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spelling doaj-art-3863b6ba4194447c8c9eb7da005844592025-02-03T01:11:47ZengWileyJournal of Mathematics2314-46292314-47852013-01-01201310.1155/2013/204674204674From Fibonacci Sequence to the Golden RatioAlberto Fiorenza0Giovanni Vincenzi1Dipartimento di Architettura, Università di Napoli, Via Monteoliveto 3, 80134 Napoli, ItalyDipartimento di Matematica, Università di Salerno, Via Ponte Don Melillo 4, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, ItalyWe consider the well-known characterization of the Golden ratio as limit of the ratio of consecutive terms of the Fibonacci sequence, and we give an explanation of this property in the framework of the Difference Equations Theory. We show that the Golden ratio coincides with this limit not because it is the root with maximum modulus and multiplicity of the characteristic polynomial, but, from a more general point of view, because it is the root with maximum modulus and multiplicity of a restricted set of roots, which in this special case coincides with the two roots of the characteristic polynomial. This new perspective is the heart of the characterization of the limit of ratio of consecutive terms of all linear homogeneous recurrences with constant coefficients, without any assumption on the roots of the characteristic polynomial, which may be, in particular, also complex and not real.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/204674
spellingShingle Alberto Fiorenza
Giovanni Vincenzi
From Fibonacci Sequence to the Golden Ratio
Journal of Mathematics
title From Fibonacci Sequence to the Golden Ratio
title_full From Fibonacci Sequence to the Golden Ratio
title_fullStr From Fibonacci Sequence to the Golden Ratio
title_full_unstemmed From Fibonacci Sequence to the Golden Ratio
title_short From Fibonacci Sequence to the Golden Ratio
title_sort from fibonacci sequence to the golden ratio
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/204674
work_keys_str_mv AT albertofiorenza fromfibonaccisequencetothegoldenratio
AT giovannivincenzi fromfibonaccisequencetothegoldenratio