Importance of the Brain Angiotensin System in Parkinson’s Disease
Parkinson’s disease (PD) has become a major health problem affecting 1.5% of the world’s population over 65 years of age. As life expectancy has increased so has the occurrence of PD. The primary direct consequence of this disease is the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2012-01-01
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| Series: | Parkinson's Disease |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/860923 |
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| _version_ | 1849306150558760960 |
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| author | John W. Wright Joseph W. Harding |
| author_facet | John W. Wright Joseph W. Harding |
| author_sort | John W. Wright |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Parkinson’s disease (PD) has become a major health problem affecting 1.5% of the world’s population over 65 years of age. As life expectancy has increased so has the occurrence of PD. The primary direct consequence of this disease is the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra and striatum. As the intensity of motor dysfunction increases, the symptomatic triad of bradykinesia, tremors-at-rest, and rigidity occur. Progressive neurodegeneration may also impact non-DA neurotransmitter systems including cholinergic, noradrenergic, and serotonergic, often leading to the development of depression, sleep disturbances, dementia, and autonomic nervous system failure. L-DOPA is the most efficacious oral delivery treatment for controlling motor symptoms; however, this approach is ineffective regarding nonmotor symptoms. New treatment strategies are needed designed to provide neuroprotection and encourage neurogenesis and synaptogenesis to slow or reverse this disease process. The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met receptor system is a member of the growth factor family and has been shown to protect against degeneration of DA neurons in animal models. Recently, small angiotensin-based blood-brain barrier penetrant mimetics have been developed that activate this HGF/c-Met system. These compounds may offer a new and novel approach to the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-384d362aa65c40b38c8a380dbe70e8c3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-8083 2042-0080 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parkinson's Disease |
| spelling | doaj-art-384d362aa65c40b38c8a380dbe70e8c32025-08-20T03:55:11ZengWileyParkinson's Disease2090-80832042-00802012-01-01201210.1155/2012/860923860923Importance of the Brain Angiotensin System in Parkinson’s DiseaseJohn W. Wright0Joseph W. Harding1Departments of Psychology, Veterinary and Comparative Anatomy, Pharmacology, and Physiology and Programs in Neuroscience and Biotechnology, Washington State University, P.O. Box 644820, Pullman, WA 99164-4820, USADepartments of Psychology, Veterinary and Comparative Anatomy, Pharmacology, and Physiology and Programs in Neuroscience and Biotechnology, Washington State University, P.O. Box 644820, Pullman, WA 99164-4820, USAParkinson’s disease (PD) has become a major health problem affecting 1.5% of the world’s population over 65 years of age. As life expectancy has increased so has the occurrence of PD. The primary direct consequence of this disease is the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra and striatum. As the intensity of motor dysfunction increases, the symptomatic triad of bradykinesia, tremors-at-rest, and rigidity occur. Progressive neurodegeneration may also impact non-DA neurotransmitter systems including cholinergic, noradrenergic, and serotonergic, often leading to the development of depression, sleep disturbances, dementia, and autonomic nervous system failure. L-DOPA is the most efficacious oral delivery treatment for controlling motor symptoms; however, this approach is ineffective regarding nonmotor symptoms. New treatment strategies are needed designed to provide neuroprotection and encourage neurogenesis and synaptogenesis to slow or reverse this disease process. The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met receptor system is a member of the growth factor family and has been shown to protect against degeneration of DA neurons in animal models. Recently, small angiotensin-based blood-brain barrier penetrant mimetics have been developed that activate this HGF/c-Met system. These compounds may offer a new and novel approach to the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/860923 |
| spellingShingle | John W. Wright Joseph W. Harding Importance of the Brain Angiotensin System in Parkinson’s Disease Parkinson's Disease |
| title | Importance of the Brain Angiotensin System in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_full | Importance of the Brain Angiotensin System in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_fullStr | Importance of the Brain Angiotensin System in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Importance of the Brain Angiotensin System in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_short | Importance of the Brain Angiotensin System in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_sort | importance of the brain angiotensin system in parkinson s disease |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/860923 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT johnwwright importanceofthebrainangiotensinsysteminparkinsonsdisease AT josephwharding importanceofthebrainangiotensinsysteminparkinsonsdisease |