The Effect of Low Carbohydrate Diet on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Objective. To assess the effect of a low carbohydrate diet (LCD) on women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods. Data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were obtained to perform a meta-analysis of the effects of LCD in PCOS patients. The primary outcomes included the changes in BMI, h...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2019-01-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Endocrinology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4386401 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832550612105953280 |
|---|---|
| author | Xiaoshuai Zhang Yang Zheng Yanan Guo Zhiwen Lai |
| author_facet | Xiaoshuai Zhang Yang Zheng Yanan Guo Zhiwen Lai |
| author_sort | Xiaoshuai Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective. To assess the effect of a low carbohydrate diet (LCD) on women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods. Data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were obtained to perform a meta-analysis of the effects of LCD in PCOS patients. The primary outcomes included the changes in BMI, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and blood lipids, including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteotropic hormone (LH), total testosterone (T), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Results. Eight RCTs involving 327 patients were included. In comparison with the control group, the LCD decreased BMI (SMD = −1.04, 95% CI (−1.38, −0.70), P<0.00001), HOMA-IR (SMD = −0.66, 95% CI (−1.01, −0.30), P<0.05), TC (SMD = −0.68, 95% CI (−1.35, −0.02), P<0.05), and LDL-C (SMD = −0.66, 95% CI (−1.30, −0.02), P<0.05). Stratified analyses indicated that LCD lasting longer than 4 weeks had a stronger effect on increasing FSH levels (MD = 0.39, 95% CI (0.08, 0.71), P<0.05), increasing SHBG levels (MD = 5.98, 95% CI (3.51, 8.46), P<0.05), and decreasing T levels (SMD = −1.79, 95% CI (−3.22, −0.36), P<0.05), and the low-fat and low-CHO LCD (fat <35% and CHO <45%) had a more significant effect on the levels of FSH (MD = 0.40, 95% CI (0.09, 0.71), P<0.05) and SHBG (MD = 6.20, 95% CI (3.68, 8.72), P<0.05) than the high-fat and low-CHO LCD (fat >35% and CHO <45%). Conclusion. Based on the current evidence, LCD, particularly long-term LCD and low-fat/low-CHO LCD, may be recommended for the reduction of BMI, treatment of PCOS with insulin resistance, prevention of high LDL-C, increasing the levels of FSH and SHBG, and decreasing the level of T level. Together, the analyzed data indicate that proper control of carbohydrate intake provides beneficial effects on some aspects of PCOS and may represent one of the important interventions improving the clinical symptoms of affected patients. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-382d1f857e8e4856840631e6567ff277 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-8337 1687-8345 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-382d1f857e8e4856840631e6567ff2772025-02-03T06:06:18ZengWileyInternational Journal of Endocrinology1687-83371687-83452019-01-01201910.1155/2019/43864014386401The Effect of Low Carbohydrate Diet on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled TrialsXiaoshuai Zhang0Yang Zheng1Yanan Guo2Zhiwen Lai3Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, ChinaChongqing Medical University, No. 1, Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, ChinaChongqing Medical University, No. 1, Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, ChinaDepartment of Gynecology, Chengdu Xinan Gynecological Hospital, Chengdu, ChinaObjective. To assess the effect of a low carbohydrate diet (LCD) on women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods. Data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were obtained to perform a meta-analysis of the effects of LCD in PCOS patients. The primary outcomes included the changes in BMI, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and blood lipids, including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteotropic hormone (LH), total testosterone (T), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Results. Eight RCTs involving 327 patients were included. In comparison with the control group, the LCD decreased BMI (SMD = −1.04, 95% CI (−1.38, −0.70), P<0.00001), HOMA-IR (SMD = −0.66, 95% CI (−1.01, −0.30), P<0.05), TC (SMD = −0.68, 95% CI (−1.35, −0.02), P<0.05), and LDL-C (SMD = −0.66, 95% CI (−1.30, −0.02), P<0.05). Stratified analyses indicated that LCD lasting longer than 4 weeks had a stronger effect on increasing FSH levels (MD = 0.39, 95% CI (0.08, 0.71), P<0.05), increasing SHBG levels (MD = 5.98, 95% CI (3.51, 8.46), P<0.05), and decreasing T levels (SMD = −1.79, 95% CI (−3.22, −0.36), P<0.05), and the low-fat and low-CHO LCD (fat <35% and CHO <45%) had a more significant effect on the levels of FSH (MD = 0.40, 95% CI (0.09, 0.71), P<0.05) and SHBG (MD = 6.20, 95% CI (3.68, 8.72), P<0.05) than the high-fat and low-CHO LCD (fat >35% and CHO <45%). Conclusion. Based on the current evidence, LCD, particularly long-term LCD and low-fat/low-CHO LCD, may be recommended for the reduction of BMI, treatment of PCOS with insulin resistance, prevention of high LDL-C, increasing the levels of FSH and SHBG, and decreasing the level of T level. Together, the analyzed data indicate that proper control of carbohydrate intake provides beneficial effects on some aspects of PCOS and may represent one of the important interventions improving the clinical symptoms of affected patients.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4386401 |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoshuai Zhang Yang Zheng Yanan Guo Zhiwen Lai The Effect of Low Carbohydrate Diet on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials International Journal of Endocrinology |
| title | The Effect of Low Carbohydrate Diet on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_full | The Effect of Low Carbohydrate Diet on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Low Carbohydrate Diet on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Low Carbohydrate Diet on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_short | The Effect of Low Carbohydrate Diet on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_sort | effect of low carbohydrate diet on polycystic ovary syndrome a meta analysis of randomized controlled trials |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4386401 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xiaoshuaizhang theeffectoflowcarbohydratedietonpolycysticovarysyndromeametaanalysisofrandomizedcontrolledtrials AT yangzheng theeffectoflowcarbohydratedietonpolycysticovarysyndromeametaanalysisofrandomizedcontrolledtrials AT yananguo theeffectoflowcarbohydratedietonpolycysticovarysyndromeametaanalysisofrandomizedcontrolledtrials AT zhiwenlai theeffectoflowcarbohydratedietonpolycysticovarysyndromeametaanalysisofrandomizedcontrolledtrials AT xiaoshuaizhang effectoflowcarbohydratedietonpolycysticovarysyndromeametaanalysisofrandomizedcontrolledtrials AT yangzheng effectoflowcarbohydratedietonpolycysticovarysyndromeametaanalysisofrandomizedcontrolledtrials AT yananguo effectoflowcarbohydratedietonpolycysticovarysyndromeametaanalysisofrandomizedcontrolledtrials AT zhiwenlai effectoflowcarbohydratedietonpolycysticovarysyndromeametaanalysisofrandomizedcontrolledtrials |