Association of stress hyperglycemia ratio with mortality in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database

Abstract In recent years, the relationship between stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients has garnered increasing attention. However, its role in predicting the prognosis of patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) remains unclear. This...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jing Zhang, Jiali Xia, Zheng Niu, Hongyu Zhu, Xudong Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-16783-y
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849226414189969408
author Jing Zhang
Jiali Xia
Zheng Niu
Hongyu Zhu
Xudong Wang
author_facet Jing Zhang
Jiali Xia
Zheng Niu
Hongyu Zhu
Xudong Wang
author_sort Jing Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract In recent years, the relationship between stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients has garnered increasing attention. However, its role in predicting the prognosis of patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between SHR and all-cause mortality in patients with SA-AKI. We conducted a retrospective cohort study based on patient data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC IV) database. Critically ill patients diagnosed with SA-AKI were stratified according to the quartiles of SHR. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality during hospitalization. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis was used to compare survival differences among the groups. A Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for confounding factors, was employed to investigate the relationship between SHR and mortality. A total of 1822 adult patients with sepsis-associated renal injury were included in the study. The average age was 68 years, 1059 (59.58%) were male. The patient’s increased 30-day risk of death is associated with a higher SHR index, as indicated by the Kaplan-Meier curves (log-rank P < 0.001). Furthermore, Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis revealed that the risk of mortality was significantly higher in the highest quartile of the SHR index. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) analysis demonstrated U-shaped relationships between the SHR index and 30-day mortality, with inflection points at 0.67 for 30-day mortality. Compared to patients with SHR levels below these inflection points, those with higher levels had a 38.2% increased risk for 30-day all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.382; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.198–1.593). In patients with sepsis-related acute kidney injury, the SHR index can be used as an effective indicator to assess severity and guide treatment. While elevated SHR portends an increased risk of death, inadequate acute glycemic regulation also merits attention. These findings underscore the importance of SHR-based management for the prognosis of critically ill patients with SA-AKI and highlight the need for further multicenter clinical studies to establish the optimal diagnostic threshold for SHR.
format Article
id doaj-art-382c1dffc43546f497beecff90d85fbd
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-382c1dffc43546f497beecff90d85fbd2025-08-24T11:19:56ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-08-0115111310.1038/s41598-025-16783-yAssociation of stress hyperglycemia ratio with mortality in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV databaseJing Zhang0Jiali Xia1Zheng Niu2Hongyu Zhu3Xudong Wang4Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Dermatology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow UniversityCentral Laboratory, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityAbstract In recent years, the relationship between stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients has garnered increasing attention. However, its role in predicting the prognosis of patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between SHR and all-cause mortality in patients with SA-AKI. We conducted a retrospective cohort study based on patient data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC IV) database. Critically ill patients diagnosed with SA-AKI were stratified according to the quartiles of SHR. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality during hospitalization. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis was used to compare survival differences among the groups. A Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for confounding factors, was employed to investigate the relationship between SHR and mortality. A total of 1822 adult patients with sepsis-associated renal injury were included in the study. The average age was 68 years, 1059 (59.58%) were male. The patient’s increased 30-day risk of death is associated with a higher SHR index, as indicated by the Kaplan-Meier curves (log-rank P < 0.001). Furthermore, Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis revealed that the risk of mortality was significantly higher in the highest quartile of the SHR index. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) analysis demonstrated U-shaped relationships between the SHR index and 30-day mortality, with inflection points at 0.67 for 30-day mortality. Compared to patients with SHR levels below these inflection points, those with higher levels had a 38.2% increased risk for 30-day all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.382; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.198–1.593). In patients with sepsis-related acute kidney injury, the SHR index can be used as an effective indicator to assess severity and guide treatment. While elevated SHR portends an increased risk of death, inadequate acute glycemic regulation also merits attention. These findings underscore the importance of SHR-based management for the prognosis of critically ill patients with SA-AKI and highlight the need for further multicenter clinical studies to establish the optimal diagnostic threshold for SHR.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-16783-yStress hyperglycemia ratioSepsis-associated acute kidney injuryMortality
spellingShingle Jing Zhang
Jiali Xia
Zheng Niu
Hongyu Zhu
Xudong Wang
Association of stress hyperglycemia ratio with mortality in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database
Scientific Reports
Stress hyperglycemia ratio
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury
Mortality
title Association of stress hyperglycemia ratio with mortality in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database
title_full Association of stress hyperglycemia ratio with mortality in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database
title_fullStr Association of stress hyperglycemia ratio with mortality in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database
title_full_unstemmed Association of stress hyperglycemia ratio with mortality in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database
title_short Association of stress hyperglycemia ratio with mortality in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database
title_sort association of stress hyperglycemia ratio with mortality in sepsis associated acute kidney injury a retrospective analysis of the mimic iv database
topic Stress hyperglycemia ratio
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury
Mortality
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-16783-y
work_keys_str_mv AT jingzhang associationofstresshyperglycemiaratiowithmortalityinsepsisassociatedacutekidneyinjuryaretrospectiveanalysisofthemimicivdatabase
AT jialixia associationofstresshyperglycemiaratiowithmortalityinsepsisassociatedacutekidneyinjuryaretrospectiveanalysisofthemimicivdatabase
AT zhengniu associationofstresshyperglycemiaratiowithmortalityinsepsisassociatedacutekidneyinjuryaretrospectiveanalysisofthemimicivdatabase
AT hongyuzhu associationofstresshyperglycemiaratiowithmortalityinsepsisassociatedacutekidneyinjuryaretrospectiveanalysisofthemimicivdatabase
AT xudongwang associationofstresshyperglycemiaratiowithmortalityinsepsisassociatedacutekidneyinjuryaretrospectiveanalysisofthemimicivdatabase