Differential Hepatic Expression of miRNA in Response to Aflatoxin B1 Challenge in Domestic and Wild Turkeys

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB<sub>1</sub>) is a major foodborne mycotoxin that poses a significant economic risk to poultry due to a greater degree of susceptibility compared to other agricultural species. Domesticated turkeys (<i>Meleagris gallopavo</i>) are especially sensitive to AFB&...

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Main Authors: Kade Jorud, Kristelle M. Mendoza, Thomas Kono, Roger A. Coulombe, Kent M. Reed
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Toxins
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/16/11/453
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author Kade Jorud
Kristelle M. Mendoza
Thomas Kono
Roger A. Coulombe
Kent M. Reed
author_facet Kade Jorud
Kristelle M. Mendoza
Thomas Kono
Roger A. Coulombe
Kent M. Reed
author_sort Kade Jorud
collection DOAJ
description Aflatoxin B1 (AFB<sub>1</sub>) is a major foodborne mycotoxin that poses a significant economic risk to poultry due to a greater degree of susceptibility compared to other agricultural species. Domesticated turkeys (<i>Meleagris gallopavo</i>) are especially sensitive to AFB<sub>1</sub>; however, wild turkeys (<i>M. g. silvestris</i>) are more resistant. A lack of functional isoforms of hepatic glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), an enzyme that plays a role in the detoxification of aflatoxin, is suspected as the reason for the increased sensitivity. Previous studies comparing the gene expression of domesticated and wild turkeys exposed to AFB<sub>1</sub> identified hepatic genes responding differentially to AFB<sub>1</sub>, but could not fully explain the difference in response. The current study examined differences in the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the livers of wild and domesticated turkeys fed dietary AFB<sub>1</sub> (320 μg/kg in feed). Short-read RNA sequencing and expression analysis examined both domesticated and wild turkeys exposed to AFB<sub>1</sub> compared to controls. A total of 25 miRNAs was identified as being significantly differentially expressed (DEM) in pairwise comparisons. The majority of these have mammalian orthologs with known dysregulation in liver disease. The largest number of DEMs occurred between controls, suggesting an underlying difference in liver potential. Sequences of the DEMs were used to identify potential miRNA binding sites in target genes, resulting in an average of 4302 predicted target sites per DEM. These DEMs and gene targets provide hypotheses for future investigations into the role of miRNAs in AFB<sub>1</sub> resistance.
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spelling doaj-art-3821986fa13a4e57bb3de390d5c280252025-08-20T02:27:40ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512024-10-01161145310.3390/toxins16110453Differential Hepatic Expression of miRNA in Response to Aflatoxin B1 Challenge in Domestic and Wild TurkeysKade Jorud0Kristelle M. Mendoza1Thomas Kono2Roger A. Coulombe3Kent M. Reed4College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USADepartment of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USAMinnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USADepartment of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USADepartment of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USAAflatoxin B1 (AFB<sub>1</sub>) is a major foodborne mycotoxin that poses a significant economic risk to poultry due to a greater degree of susceptibility compared to other agricultural species. Domesticated turkeys (<i>Meleagris gallopavo</i>) are especially sensitive to AFB<sub>1</sub>; however, wild turkeys (<i>M. g. silvestris</i>) are more resistant. A lack of functional isoforms of hepatic glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), an enzyme that plays a role in the detoxification of aflatoxin, is suspected as the reason for the increased sensitivity. Previous studies comparing the gene expression of domesticated and wild turkeys exposed to AFB<sub>1</sub> identified hepatic genes responding differentially to AFB<sub>1</sub>, but could not fully explain the difference in response. The current study examined differences in the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the livers of wild and domesticated turkeys fed dietary AFB<sub>1</sub> (320 μg/kg in feed). Short-read RNA sequencing and expression analysis examined both domesticated and wild turkeys exposed to AFB<sub>1</sub> compared to controls. A total of 25 miRNAs was identified as being significantly differentially expressed (DEM) in pairwise comparisons. The majority of these have mammalian orthologs with known dysregulation in liver disease. The largest number of DEMs occurred between controls, suggesting an underlying difference in liver potential. Sequences of the DEMs were used to identify potential miRNA binding sites in target genes, resulting in an average of 4302 predicted target sites per DEM. These DEMs and gene targets provide hypotheses for future investigations into the role of miRNAs in AFB<sub>1</sub> resistance.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/16/11/453aflatoxin B1domesticated turkeywild turkeyliverRNA-seqmicroRNA
spellingShingle Kade Jorud
Kristelle M. Mendoza
Thomas Kono
Roger A. Coulombe
Kent M. Reed
Differential Hepatic Expression of miRNA in Response to Aflatoxin B1 Challenge in Domestic and Wild Turkeys
Toxins
aflatoxin B1
domesticated turkey
wild turkey
liver
RNA-seq
microRNA
title Differential Hepatic Expression of miRNA in Response to Aflatoxin B1 Challenge in Domestic and Wild Turkeys
title_full Differential Hepatic Expression of miRNA in Response to Aflatoxin B1 Challenge in Domestic and Wild Turkeys
title_fullStr Differential Hepatic Expression of miRNA in Response to Aflatoxin B1 Challenge in Domestic and Wild Turkeys
title_full_unstemmed Differential Hepatic Expression of miRNA in Response to Aflatoxin B1 Challenge in Domestic and Wild Turkeys
title_short Differential Hepatic Expression of miRNA in Response to Aflatoxin B1 Challenge in Domestic and Wild Turkeys
title_sort differential hepatic expression of mirna in response to aflatoxin b1 challenge in domestic and wild turkeys
topic aflatoxin B1
domesticated turkey
wild turkey
liver
RNA-seq
microRNA
url https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/16/11/453
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