Jitter Across 15 yr: Leveraging Precise Photometry from Kepler and TESS to Extract Exoplanets from Radial Velocity Time Series
Stellar activity contamination of radial velocity (RV) data is one of the top challenges plaguing the field of extreme-precision RV science. Previous work has shown that photometry can be very effective at removing such signals from RV data, especially stellar activity caused by rotating starspots a...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad9eb0 |
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| author | Corey Beard Paul Robertson Jack Lubin Te Han Rae Holcomb Pranav Premnath R. Paul Butler Paul A. Dalba Brad Holden Cullen H. Blake Scott A. Diddams Arvind F. Gupta Samuel Halverson Daniel M. Krolikowski Dan Li Andrea S.J. Lin Sarah E. Logsdon Emily Lubar Suvrath Mahadevan Michael W. McElwain Joe P. Ninan Leonardo A. Paredes Arpita Roy Christian Schwab Gudmundur Stefansson Ryan C. Terrien Jason T. Wright |
| author_facet | Corey Beard Paul Robertson Jack Lubin Te Han Rae Holcomb Pranav Premnath R. Paul Butler Paul A. Dalba Brad Holden Cullen H. Blake Scott A. Diddams Arvind F. Gupta Samuel Halverson Daniel M. Krolikowski Dan Li Andrea S.J. Lin Sarah E. Logsdon Emily Lubar Suvrath Mahadevan Michael W. McElwain Joe P. Ninan Leonardo A. Paredes Arpita Roy Christian Schwab Gudmundur Stefansson Ryan C. Terrien Jason T. Wright |
| author_sort | Corey Beard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Stellar activity contamination of radial velocity (RV) data is one of the top challenges plaguing the field of extreme-precision RV science. Previous work has shown that photometry can be very effective at removing such signals from RV data, especially stellar activity caused by rotating starspots and plage. The exact utility of photometry for removing RV activity contamination, and the best way to apply it, is not well known. We present a combination photometric and RV study of eight Kepler/K2 FGK stars with known stellar variability. We use NEID RVs acquired simultaneously with Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) photometry, and we perform injection-recovery tests to quantify the efficacy of recent TESS photometry versus archival Kepler/K2 photometry for removing stellar variability from RVs. We additionally experiment with different TESS sectors when training our models in order to quantify the real benefit of simultaneously acquired RVs and photometry. We conclude that Kepler photometry typically performs better than TESS at removing noise from RV data when it is available, likely due to longer baseline and precision. In contrast, for targets with available K2 photometry, especially those most active, and with high-precision ( σ _NEID < 1 m s ^−1 ) NEID RVs, TESS may be the more informative dataset. However, contrary to expectations, we have found that training on simultaneous photometry does not always achieve the best results. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-37d2e62e0129486f896ab746628711e5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1538-3881 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | The Astronomical Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-37d2e62e0129486f896ab746628711e52025-01-24T12:36:24ZengIOP PublishingThe Astronomical Journal1538-38812025-01-0116929210.3847/1538-3881/ad9eb0Jitter Across 15 yr: Leveraging Precise Photometry from Kepler and TESS to Extract Exoplanets from Radial Velocity Time SeriesCorey Beard0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7708-2364Paul Robertson1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0149-9678Jack Lubin2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8342-7736Te Han3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7127-7643Rae Holcomb4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5034-9476Pranav Premnath5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5728-4735R. Paul Butler6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1305-3761Paul A. Dalba7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4297-5506Brad Holden8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6153-3076Cullen H. Blake9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6096-1749Scott A. Diddams10https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2144-0764Arvind F. Gupta11https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5463-9980Samuel Halverson12https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1312-9391Daniel M. Krolikowski13https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9626-0613Dan Li14https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7318-6318Andrea S.J. Lin15https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9082-6337Sarah E. Logsdon16https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9632-9382Emily Lubar17https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0790-7492Suvrath Mahadevan18https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9596-7983Michael W. McElwain19https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0241-8956Joe P. Ninan20https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8720-5612Leonardo A. Paredes21https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1324-0495Arpita Roy22https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8127-5775Christian Schwab23https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4046-987XGudmundur Stefansson24https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7409-5688Ryan C. Terrien25https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4788-8858Jason T. Wright26https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6160-5888Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of California , Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA ; ccbeard@uci.eduDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, The University of California , Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA ; ccbeard@uci.eduDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics & Astronomy, The University of California , Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA ; ccbeard@uci.eduDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, The University of California , Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA ; ccbeard@uci.eduDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, The University of California , Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA ; ccbeard@uci.eduEarth and Planets Laboratory , Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC 20015, USADepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; SETI Institute , Carl Sagan Center, 339 Bernardo Avenue, Suite 200, Mountain View, CA 94043, USAThe University of California Observatories , 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania , 209 S 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USADepartment of Physics, 390 UCB, University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80309, USANSF National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , 950 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USAJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USASteward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USANSF National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , 950 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USADepartment of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, Penn State, University Park , PA 16802, USA; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, Penn State, University Park , PA 16802, USANSF National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , 950 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USAAerospace Corporation , 200 N Aviation Blvd, El Segundo, CA 90245, USADepartment of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, Penn State, University Park , PA 16802, USA; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, Penn State, University Park , PA 16802, USAExoplanets and Stellar Astrophysics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USADepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, IndiaSteward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USAAstrophysics & Space Institute , Schmidt Sciences, New York, NY 10011, USASchool of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Macquarie University , Balaclava Road, North Ryde, NSW 2109, AustraliaAnton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, 904 Science Park, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The NetherlandsCarleton College , One North College Street, Northfield, MN 55057, USADepartment of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, Penn State, University Park , PA 16802, USA; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, Penn State, University Park , PA 16802, USA; Penn State Extraterrestrial Intelligence Center, 525 Davey Laboratory, Penn State, University Park , PA 16802, USAStellar activity contamination of radial velocity (RV) data is one of the top challenges plaguing the field of extreme-precision RV science. Previous work has shown that photometry can be very effective at removing such signals from RV data, especially stellar activity caused by rotating starspots and plage. The exact utility of photometry for removing RV activity contamination, and the best way to apply it, is not well known. We present a combination photometric and RV study of eight Kepler/K2 FGK stars with known stellar variability. We use NEID RVs acquired simultaneously with Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) photometry, and we perform injection-recovery tests to quantify the efficacy of recent TESS photometry versus archival Kepler/K2 photometry for removing stellar variability from RVs. We additionally experiment with different TESS sectors when training our models in order to quantify the real benefit of simultaneously acquired RVs and photometry. We conclude that Kepler photometry typically performs better than TESS at removing noise from RV data when it is available, likely due to longer baseline and precision. In contrast, for targets with available K2 photometry, especially those most active, and with high-precision ( σ _NEID < 1 m s ^−1 ) NEID RVs, TESS may be the more informative dataset. However, contrary to expectations, we have found that training on simultaneous photometry does not always achieve the best results.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad9eb0ExoplanetsTransitsAntarctic observatoriesRadial velocityStellar activity |
| spellingShingle | Corey Beard Paul Robertson Jack Lubin Te Han Rae Holcomb Pranav Premnath R. Paul Butler Paul A. Dalba Brad Holden Cullen H. Blake Scott A. Diddams Arvind F. Gupta Samuel Halverson Daniel M. Krolikowski Dan Li Andrea S.J. Lin Sarah E. Logsdon Emily Lubar Suvrath Mahadevan Michael W. McElwain Joe P. Ninan Leonardo A. Paredes Arpita Roy Christian Schwab Gudmundur Stefansson Ryan C. Terrien Jason T. Wright Jitter Across 15 yr: Leveraging Precise Photometry from Kepler and TESS to Extract Exoplanets from Radial Velocity Time Series The Astronomical Journal Exoplanets Transits Antarctic observatories Radial velocity Stellar activity |
| title | Jitter Across 15 yr: Leveraging Precise Photometry from Kepler and TESS to Extract Exoplanets from Radial Velocity Time Series |
| title_full | Jitter Across 15 yr: Leveraging Precise Photometry from Kepler and TESS to Extract Exoplanets from Radial Velocity Time Series |
| title_fullStr | Jitter Across 15 yr: Leveraging Precise Photometry from Kepler and TESS to Extract Exoplanets from Radial Velocity Time Series |
| title_full_unstemmed | Jitter Across 15 yr: Leveraging Precise Photometry from Kepler and TESS to Extract Exoplanets from Radial Velocity Time Series |
| title_short | Jitter Across 15 yr: Leveraging Precise Photometry from Kepler and TESS to Extract Exoplanets from Radial Velocity Time Series |
| title_sort | jitter across 15 yr leveraging precise photometry from kepler and tess to extract exoplanets from radial velocity time series |
| topic | Exoplanets Transits Antarctic observatories Radial velocity Stellar activity |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad9eb0 |
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