Seasonal and Regional Variability of Long-Wave Effective Radiation in China and Associated Modulating Factors
Variations in all-sky and clear-sky long-wave effective radiation (LER) in China during the period 2001–2016 were determined using monthly radiative datasets from the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES). Annual and seasonal spatial distributions are found to be quite similar and sho...
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Wiley
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Advances in Meteorology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1689431 |
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| author | Qianrong Ma Jie Zhang Yu Gu Yujun Ma Yu Cao |
| author_facet | Qianrong Ma Jie Zhang Yu Gu Yujun Ma Yu Cao |
| author_sort | Qianrong Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Variations in all-sky and clear-sky long-wave effective radiation (LER) in China during the period 2001–2016 were determined using monthly radiative datasets from the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES). Annual and seasonal spatial distributions are found to be quite similar and show a decreasing trend from northwest to southeast, although highest values are found in spring. Mean LER under clear-sky conditions is approximately 20–30 Wm−2 higher than that under all-sky conditions. There is a consistent downward trend in annual and seasonal variations of LER under different weather conditions in China especially after 2007. In northwest China, the eastern Tibetan Plateau, and southeast and northeast China, LER is significantly reduced in two weather conditions and this is more pronounced in spring. However, decreases in clear-sky LER are more obvious. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) results for LER differences between all-sky conditions and clear-sky conditions were used to analyze regional characteristics and modulating factors. The first mode shows that the LER differences of two weather conditions over China become larger and significant after 2007. The second mode reflects the spatial characteristics, and four climate regions are divided according to the second pattern. According to the definition of LER, regression analysis shows that downward long-wave radiation has a greater influence on LER. When considering cloud effects and other modulating factors, LER has higher correlation with relative humidity in climate regions 3 and 4. However, there are higher negative correlations with middle and high clouds in regions 1 and 2, which are modulated by cloud characteristics. When these factors influence LER together, their correlation is significant in all regions (correlation coefficients are on average higher than 0.7). In summary, changes of LER can well reflect the change of climate system. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-37c4b6ece1cc49dda5f31b9647792ac5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-9309 1687-9317 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Advances in Meteorology |
| spelling | doaj-art-37c4b6ece1cc49dda5f31b9647792ac52025-02-03T01:27:57ZengWileyAdvances in Meteorology1687-93091687-93172020-01-01202010.1155/2020/16894311689431Seasonal and Regional Variability of Long-Wave Effective Radiation in China and Associated Modulating FactorsQianrong Ma0Jie Zhang1Yu Gu2Yujun Ma3Yu Cao4Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME), Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Change (ILCEC), Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Earth System Modeling Center, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), Nanjing 210044, ChinaKey Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME), Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Change (ILCEC), Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Earth System Modeling Center, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), Nanjing 210044, ChinaJiangsu Yangzhou Meteorological Bureau, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaJiangxi Meteorological Service Center, Nanchang 33096, ChinaVariations in all-sky and clear-sky long-wave effective radiation (LER) in China during the period 2001–2016 were determined using monthly radiative datasets from the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES). Annual and seasonal spatial distributions are found to be quite similar and show a decreasing trend from northwest to southeast, although highest values are found in spring. Mean LER under clear-sky conditions is approximately 20–30 Wm−2 higher than that under all-sky conditions. There is a consistent downward trend in annual and seasonal variations of LER under different weather conditions in China especially after 2007. In northwest China, the eastern Tibetan Plateau, and southeast and northeast China, LER is significantly reduced in two weather conditions and this is more pronounced in spring. However, decreases in clear-sky LER are more obvious. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) results for LER differences between all-sky conditions and clear-sky conditions were used to analyze regional characteristics and modulating factors. The first mode shows that the LER differences of two weather conditions over China become larger and significant after 2007. The second mode reflects the spatial characteristics, and four climate regions are divided according to the second pattern. According to the definition of LER, regression analysis shows that downward long-wave radiation has a greater influence on LER. When considering cloud effects and other modulating factors, LER has higher correlation with relative humidity in climate regions 3 and 4. However, there are higher negative correlations with middle and high clouds in regions 1 and 2, which are modulated by cloud characteristics. When these factors influence LER together, their correlation is significant in all regions (correlation coefficients are on average higher than 0.7). In summary, changes of LER can well reflect the change of climate system.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1689431 |
| spellingShingle | Qianrong Ma Jie Zhang Yu Gu Yujun Ma Yu Cao Seasonal and Regional Variability of Long-Wave Effective Radiation in China and Associated Modulating Factors Advances in Meteorology |
| title | Seasonal and Regional Variability of Long-Wave Effective Radiation in China and Associated Modulating Factors |
| title_full | Seasonal and Regional Variability of Long-Wave Effective Radiation in China and Associated Modulating Factors |
| title_fullStr | Seasonal and Regional Variability of Long-Wave Effective Radiation in China and Associated Modulating Factors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal and Regional Variability of Long-Wave Effective Radiation in China and Associated Modulating Factors |
| title_short | Seasonal and Regional Variability of Long-Wave Effective Radiation in China and Associated Modulating Factors |
| title_sort | seasonal and regional variability of long wave effective radiation in china and associated modulating factors |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1689431 |
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