Repurposing COVID-19 Compounds (via MMV COVID Box): Almitrine and Bortezomib Induce Programmed Cell Death in <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>

Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>, affects millions globally, with limited treatment options available. Current therapies, such as benznidazole and nifurtimox, present challenges, including their toxicity, side effects, and inefficacy in the chronic phase....

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Carlos J. Bethencourt-Estrella, Atteneri López-Arencibia, Jacob Lorenzo-Morales, José E. Piñero
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Pathogens
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/2/127
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849718952509308928
author Carlos J. Bethencourt-Estrella
Atteneri López-Arencibia
Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
José E. Piñero
author_facet Carlos J. Bethencourt-Estrella
Atteneri López-Arencibia
Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
José E. Piñero
author_sort Carlos J. Bethencourt-Estrella
collection DOAJ
description Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>, affects millions globally, with limited treatment options available. Current therapies, such as benznidazole and nifurtimox, present challenges, including their toxicity, side effects, and inefficacy in the chronic phase. This study explores the potential of drug repurposing as a strategy to identify new treatments for <i>T. cruzi</i>, focusing on compounds from the Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) COVID Box. An initial screening of 160 compounds identified eight with trypanocidal activity, with almitrine and bortezomib showing the highest efficacy. Both compounds demonstrated significant activity against the epimastigote and amastigote stages of the parasite and showed no cytotoxicity in murine macrophage cells. Key features of programmed cell death (PCD), such as chromatin condensation, mitochondrial membrane potential disruption, and reactive oxygen species accumulation, were observed in <i>T. cruzi</i> treated with these compounds. The potential to induce controlled cell death of these two compounds in <i>T. cruzi</i> suggests they are promising candidates for further research. This study reinforces drug repurposing as a viable approach to discovering novel treatments for neglected tropical diseases like Chagas disease.
format Article
id doaj-art-377e5b9934734f26b034bfacf8418800
institution DOAJ
issn 2076-0817
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Pathogens
spelling doaj-art-377e5b9934734f26b034bfacf84188002025-08-20T03:12:15ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172025-02-0114212710.3390/pathogens14020127Repurposing COVID-19 Compounds (via MMV COVID Box): Almitrine and Bortezomib Induce Programmed Cell Death in <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>Carlos J. Bethencourt-Estrella0Atteneri López-Arencibia1Jacob Lorenzo-Morales2José E. Piñero3Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38203 La Laguna, SpainInstituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38203 La Laguna, SpainInstituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38203 La Laguna, SpainInstituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38203 La Laguna, SpainChagas disease, caused by the protozoan <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>, affects millions globally, with limited treatment options available. Current therapies, such as benznidazole and nifurtimox, present challenges, including their toxicity, side effects, and inefficacy in the chronic phase. This study explores the potential of drug repurposing as a strategy to identify new treatments for <i>T. cruzi</i>, focusing on compounds from the Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) COVID Box. An initial screening of 160 compounds identified eight with trypanocidal activity, with almitrine and bortezomib showing the highest efficacy. Both compounds demonstrated significant activity against the epimastigote and amastigote stages of the parasite and showed no cytotoxicity in murine macrophage cells. Key features of programmed cell death (PCD), such as chromatin condensation, mitochondrial membrane potential disruption, and reactive oxygen species accumulation, were observed in <i>T. cruzi</i> treated with these compounds. The potential to induce controlled cell death of these two compounds in <i>T. cruzi</i> suggests they are promising candidates for further research. This study reinforces drug repurposing as a viable approach to discovering novel treatments for neglected tropical diseases like Chagas disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/2/127<i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>chemotherapyapoptosisCOVID BoxMMV
spellingShingle Carlos J. Bethencourt-Estrella
Atteneri López-Arencibia
Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
José E. Piñero
Repurposing COVID-19 Compounds (via MMV COVID Box): Almitrine and Bortezomib Induce Programmed Cell Death in <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>
Pathogens
<i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>
chemotherapy
apoptosis
COVID Box
MMV
title Repurposing COVID-19 Compounds (via MMV COVID Box): Almitrine and Bortezomib Induce Programmed Cell Death in <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>
title_full Repurposing COVID-19 Compounds (via MMV COVID Box): Almitrine and Bortezomib Induce Programmed Cell Death in <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>
title_fullStr Repurposing COVID-19 Compounds (via MMV COVID Box): Almitrine and Bortezomib Induce Programmed Cell Death in <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>
title_full_unstemmed Repurposing COVID-19 Compounds (via MMV COVID Box): Almitrine and Bortezomib Induce Programmed Cell Death in <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>
title_short Repurposing COVID-19 Compounds (via MMV COVID Box): Almitrine and Bortezomib Induce Programmed Cell Death in <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>
title_sort repurposing covid 19 compounds via mmv covid box almitrine and bortezomib induce programmed cell death in i trypanosoma cruzi i
topic <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>
chemotherapy
apoptosis
COVID Box
MMV
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/2/127
work_keys_str_mv AT carlosjbethencourtestrella repurposingcovid19compoundsviammvcovidboxalmitrineandbortezomibinduceprogrammedcelldeathinitrypanosomacruzii
AT attenerilopezarencibia repurposingcovid19compoundsviammvcovidboxalmitrineandbortezomibinduceprogrammedcelldeathinitrypanosomacruzii
AT jacoblorenzomorales repurposingcovid19compoundsviammvcovidboxalmitrineandbortezomibinduceprogrammedcelldeathinitrypanosomacruzii
AT joseepinero repurposingcovid19compoundsviammvcovidboxalmitrineandbortezomibinduceprogrammedcelldeathinitrypanosomacruzii