Comparative effectiveness of pristine and H3PO4-modified biochar in combination with bentonite to immobilize cadmium in a calcareous soil

Abstract Some agricultural soils are contaminated with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) like Cd, necessitating remediation to safeguard the food chain. However, a research gap exists regarding the combined use of biochar and clay minerals, particularly phosphoric acid-modified biochar and bentonite...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hamid Reza Boostani, Mahdi Najafi-Ghiri, Dariush Khalili
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-04-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-99120-7
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