Mortality among individuals with chronic kidney disease based on the 2012 and 2021 KDIGO blood pressure targets
Abstract The 2021 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Prognosis (KDIGO) guidelines set a target systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 120 mmHg for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. This paper aims to compare mortality outcomes in CKD patients following the 2021 KDIGO guidelines versus the 2012 KDIGO gu...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-91731-4 |
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| author | Sijue Zou Yan Zhang Xin He Jiawei Cheng Songkai Wang Yiwei Xiong Zhangzhe Peng Xiang Ao Qiongjing Yuan |
| author_facet | Sijue Zou Yan Zhang Xin He Jiawei Cheng Songkai Wang Yiwei Xiong Zhangzhe Peng Xiang Ao Qiongjing Yuan |
| author_sort | Sijue Zou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The 2021 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Prognosis (KDIGO) guidelines set a target systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 120 mmHg for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. This paper aims to compare mortality outcomes in CKD patients following the 2021 KDIGO guidelines versus the 2012 KDIGO guidelines. We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database to categorize CKD patients into four groups: “above 2021 KDIGO only”, “above 2012 KDIGO only”, “above both targets” and “controlled with both targets”. We compared differences in all-cause and cardiovascular deaths among these groups. In total, 10,612 CKD patients from the 2001–2018 NHANES database were identified. Subsequently, 2,226 patients lacking mortality information and 1,157 without crucial laboratory data were excluded. 7,229 CKD patients were enrolled, with 50.67% above both targets, 27.1% controlled within both targets, 1.01% above the 2012 KDIGO target, and 21.22% only above the 2021 KDIGO target. In multivariate analyses, the risk of all-cause mortality was not statistically significant (hazard ratio (HR): 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.8–1.02, P = 0.11) for patients above the 2021 KDIGO target only compared to those controlled with both targets. Similar results were found for cardiovascular deaths. The 2021 KDIGO guidelines did not differentiate high-risk CKD populations in terms of all-cause death and cardiovascular death, compared with the 2012 KDIGO guidelines. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-375c41ec36ad458e98c68fe7b4e21da1 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-375c41ec36ad458e98c68fe7b4e21da12025-08-20T03:18:27ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-04-0115111110.1038/s41598-025-91731-4Mortality among individuals with chronic kidney disease based on the 2012 and 2021 KDIGO blood pressure targetsSijue Zou0Yan Zhang1Xin He2Jiawei Cheng3Songkai Wang4Yiwei Xiong5Zhangzhe Peng6Xiang Ao7Qiongjing Yuan8Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityAbstract The 2021 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Prognosis (KDIGO) guidelines set a target systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 120 mmHg for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. This paper aims to compare mortality outcomes in CKD patients following the 2021 KDIGO guidelines versus the 2012 KDIGO guidelines. We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database to categorize CKD patients into four groups: “above 2021 KDIGO only”, “above 2012 KDIGO only”, “above both targets” and “controlled with both targets”. We compared differences in all-cause and cardiovascular deaths among these groups. In total, 10,612 CKD patients from the 2001–2018 NHANES database were identified. Subsequently, 2,226 patients lacking mortality information and 1,157 without crucial laboratory data were excluded. 7,229 CKD patients were enrolled, with 50.67% above both targets, 27.1% controlled within both targets, 1.01% above the 2012 KDIGO target, and 21.22% only above the 2021 KDIGO target. In multivariate analyses, the risk of all-cause mortality was not statistically significant (hazard ratio (HR): 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.8–1.02, P = 0.11) for patients above the 2021 KDIGO target only compared to those controlled with both targets. Similar results were found for cardiovascular deaths. The 2021 KDIGO guidelines did not differentiate high-risk CKD populations in terms of all-cause death and cardiovascular death, compared with the 2012 KDIGO guidelines.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-91731-4GuidelineBlood pressureMortalityNHANESChronic kidney disease |
| spellingShingle | Sijue Zou Yan Zhang Xin He Jiawei Cheng Songkai Wang Yiwei Xiong Zhangzhe Peng Xiang Ao Qiongjing Yuan Mortality among individuals with chronic kidney disease based on the 2012 and 2021 KDIGO blood pressure targets Scientific Reports Guideline Blood pressure Mortality NHANES Chronic kidney disease |
| title | Mortality among individuals with chronic kidney disease based on the 2012 and 2021 KDIGO blood pressure targets |
| title_full | Mortality among individuals with chronic kidney disease based on the 2012 and 2021 KDIGO blood pressure targets |
| title_fullStr | Mortality among individuals with chronic kidney disease based on the 2012 and 2021 KDIGO blood pressure targets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mortality among individuals with chronic kidney disease based on the 2012 and 2021 KDIGO blood pressure targets |
| title_short | Mortality among individuals with chronic kidney disease based on the 2012 and 2021 KDIGO blood pressure targets |
| title_sort | mortality among individuals with chronic kidney disease based on the 2012 and 2021 kdigo blood pressure targets |
| topic | Guideline Blood pressure Mortality NHANES Chronic kidney disease |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-91731-4 |
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