Oral Surgical Site Infections and Wound Healing Associated with Silk Fibroin Sutures versus Alternative Suture Materials: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Delayed or improper wound healing can lead to Surgical Site Infections (SSIs), which are associated with increased mortality, morbidity, readmission rates and healthcare costs. Dental sutures are routinely used to close wounds, promote haemostasis and prevent infection. Although non ab...

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Main Authors: Kranti Kiran Reddy Ealla, Neema Kumari, Ellojita Rout, Vikas Sahu, Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan, Pratibha Ramani
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited 2025-02-01
Series:Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
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Online Access:https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/20628/76785_CE[Ra1]_F(SHU)_QC(PS_SS)_PF1(RI_IS)_redo(RI_SL)_PFA(IS)_PN(IS).pdf
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author Kranti Kiran Reddy Ealla
Neema Kumari
Ellojita Rout
Vikas Sahu
Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
Pratibha Ramani
author_facet Kranti Kiran Reddy Ealla
Neema Kumari
Ellojita Rout
Vikas Sahu
Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
Pratibha Ramani
author_sort Kranti Kiran Reddy Ealla
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Delayed or improper wound healing can lead to Surgical Site Infections (SSIs), which are associated with increased mortality, morbidity, readmission rates and healthcare costs. Dental sutures are routinely used to close wounds, promote haemostasis and prevent infection. Although non absorbable sutures are preferred for promoting wound healing and preventing infection, Silk Fibroin (SF) sutures are still used due to their affordability and favourable properties. However, their multifilament structure makes them susceptible to higher bacterial adherence. Aim: To compare the effectiveness of SF sutures in reducing SSIs and promoting wound healing with other suture materials used in dental procedures. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 checklist. PubMed, University of Toronto libraries and the Web of Science (WoS) were searched using specific keywords until January 4, 2025. Data were extracted and a risk of bias assessment was performed using the Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) and Risk of Bias In Non randomised Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tools. Nine studies were included. Results: The study demonstrated that non resorbable multifilament SF sutures show high microbial adherence and prolonged wound closure time compared to other materials, due to their multifilament and braided structure. However, significant infections were rarely reported. Results regarding bleeding, pain and swelling varied across studies and were mostly non significant on day 7. Conclusion: Antiseptic or antibiotic coatings on SF sutures can reduce bacterial adherence and lower the risk of infection, especially given their significantly higher adherence compared to other sutures.
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spelling doaj-art-37566cb42b214b22ba07cf2866a34e772025-08-20T03:01:02ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2025-02-011902323810.7860/JCDR/2025/76785.20628Oral Surgical Site Infections and Wound Healing Associated with Silk Fibroin Sutures versus Alternative Suture Materials: A Systematic ReviewKranti Kiran Reddy Ealla0Neema Kumari1Ellojita Rout2Vikas Sahu3Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan4Pratibha Ramani5Research Scholar, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Professor and Head, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Malla Reddy Institute of Dental Sciences, Malla Reddy Vishwavidyapeeth, Hyderabad, Telangana, IndiaChief Scientific Officer, Department of Microbiology, Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences, Malla Reddy Vishwavidyapeeth, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.Research and Innovation Officer, Department of Microbiology, Malla Reddy Medical College for Women, Malla Reddy Vishwavidyapeeth, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.Chief Innovation Officer, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Malla Reddy Institute of Dental Sciences, Malla Reddy Vishwavidyapeeth, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.Professor and Head, Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.Professor and Head, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.Introduction: Delayed or improper wound healing can lead to Surgical Site Infections (SSIs), which are associated with increased mortality, morbidity, readmission rates and healthcare costs. Dental sutures are routinely used to close wounds, promote haemostasis and prevent infection. Although non absorbable sutures are preferred for promoting wound healing and preventing infection, Silk Fibroin (SF) sutures are still used due to their affordability and favourable properties. However, their multifilament structure makes them susceptible to higher bacterial adherence. Aim: To compare the effectiveness of SF sutures in reducing SSIs and promoting wound healing with other suture materials used in dental procedures. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 checklist. PubMed, University of Toronto libraries and the Web of Science (WoS) were searched using specific keywords until January 4, 2025. Data were extracted and a risk of bias assessment was performed using the Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) and Risk of Bias In Non randomised Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tools. Nine studies were included. Results: The study demonstrated that non resorbable multifilament SF sutures show high microbial adherence and prolonged wound closure time compared to other materials, due to their multifilament and braided structure. However, significant infections were rarely reported. Results regarding bleeding, pain and swelling varied across studies and were mostly non significant on day 7. Conclusion: Antiseptic or antibiotic coatings on SF sutures can reduce bacterial adherence and lower the risk of infection, especially given their significantly higher adherence compared to other sutures.https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/20628/76785_CE[Ra1]_F(SHU)_QC(PS_SS)_PF1(RI_IS)_redo(RI_SL)_PFA(IS)_PN(IS).pdfbacteriaoral surgical proceduressurgical wound infection
spellingShingle Kranti Kiran Reddy Ealla
Neema Kumari
Ellojita Rout
Vikas Sahu
Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
Pratibha Ramani
Oral Surgical Site Infections and Wound Healing Associated with Silk Fibroin Sutures versus Alternative Suture Materials: A Systematic Review
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
bacteria
oral surgical procedures
surgical wound infection
title Oral Surgical Site Infections and Wound Healing Associated with Silk Fibroin Sutures versus Alternative Suture Materials: A Systematic Review
title_full Oral Surgical Site Infections and Wound Healing Associated with Silk Fibroin Sutures versus Alternative Suture Materials: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr Oral Surgical Site Infections and Wound Healing Associated with Silk Fibroin Sutures versus Alternative Suture Materials: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Oral Surgical Site Infections and Wound Healing Associated with Silk Fibroin Sutures versus Alternative Suture Materials: A Systematic Review
title_short Oral Surgical Site Infections and Wound Healing Associated with Silk Fibroin Sutures versus Alternative Suture Materials: A Systematic Review
title_sort oral surgical site infections and wound healing associated with silk fibroin sutures versus alternative suture materials a systematic review
topic bacteria
oral surgical procedures
surgical wound infection
url https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/20628/76785_CE[Ra1]_F(SHU)_QC(PS_SS)_PF1(RI_IS)_redo(RI_SL)_PFA(IS)_PN(IS).pdf
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