A Novel Insight into the Role of PLA2R and THSD7A in Membranous Nephropathy
Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an organ-restricted autoimmune disease mainly caused by circulating autoantibodies against podocyte antigens, including the M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and thrombospondin domain-containing 7A (THSD7A). Antibodies against PLA2R are present in 70%–80% and ag...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8163298 |
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| author | Pingna Zhang Weijun Huang Qiyan Zheng Jingyi Tang Zhaocheng Dong Yuhua Jiang Yuning Liu Weijing Liu |
| author_facet | Pingna Zhang Weijun Huang Qiyan Zheng Jingyi Tang Zhaocheng Dong Yuhua Jiang Yuning Liu Weijing Liu |
| author_sort | Pingna Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an organ-restricted autoimmune disease mainly caused by circulating autoantibodies against podocyte antigens, including the M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and thrombospondin domain-containing 7A (THSD7A). Antibodies against PLA2R are present in 70%–80% and against THSD7A in 2% of adult patients, which provides a paradigm shift in molecular diagnosis and management monitoring. Both antigens share some similar characteristics: they are expressed by podocytes and have wide tissue distributions; they are bound by autoantibodies only under nonreducing conditions, and the subtype of most autoantibodies is IgG4. However, the factors triggering autoantibody production as well as the association among air pollution, malignancy, and the pathogenesis of MN remain unclear. In this review, we discuss the similarity between the pathological mechanisms triggered by disparate antigens and their associated diseases. Furthermore, we demonstrated the possibility that PM2.5, malignancy, and gene expression specifically induce exposure of these antigens through conformational changes, molecular mimicry, or increased expression eliciting autoimmune responses. Thus, this review provides novel insights into the pathological mechanism of MN. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-375352031bdc4d8ea236a0e27694b926 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-375352031bdc4d8ea236a0e27694b9262025-02-03T01:25:48ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562021-01-01202110.1155/2021/81632988163298A Novel Insight into the Role of PLA2R and THSD7A in Membranous NephropathyPingna Zhang0Weijun Huang1Qiyan Zheng2Jingyi Tang3Zhaocheng Dong4Yuhua Jiang5Yuning Liu6Weijing Liu7Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, ChinaRenal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, ChinaRenal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, ChinaRenal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, ChinaRenal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, ChinaRenal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, ChinaRenal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, ChinaMembranous nephropathy (MN) is an organ-restricted autoimmune disease mainly caused by circulating autoantibodies against podocyte antigens, including the M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and thrombospondin domain-containing 7A (THSD7A). Antibodies against PLA2R are present in 70%–80% and against THSD7A in 2% of adult patients, which provides a paradigm shift in molecular diagnosis and management monitoring. Both antigens share some similar characteristics: they are expressed by podocytes and have wide tissue distributions; they are bound by autoantibodies only under nonreducing conditions, and the subtype of most autoantibodies is IgG4. However, the factors triggering autoantibody production as well as the association among air pollution, malignancy, and the pathogenesis of MN remain unclear. In this review, we discuss the similarity between the pathological mechanisms triggered by disparate antigens and their associated diseases. Furthermore, we demonstrated the possibility that PM2.5, malignancy, and gene expression specifically induce exposure of these antigens through conformational changes, molecular mimicry, or increased expression eliciting autoimmune responses. Thus, this review provides novel insights into the pathological mechanism of MN.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8163298 |
| spellingShingle | Pingna Zhang Weijun Huang Qiyan Zheng Jingyi Tang Zhaocheng Dong Yuhua Jiang Yuning Liu Weijing Liu A Novel Insight into the Role of PLA2R and THSD7A in Membranous Nephropathy Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | A Novel Insight into the Role of PLA2R and THSD7A in Membranous Nephropathy |
| title_full | A Novel Insight into the Role of PLA2R and THSD7A in Membranous Nephropathy |
| title_fullStr | A Novel Insight into the Role of PLA2R and THSD7A in Membranous Nephropathy |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Novel Insight into the Role of PLA2R and THSD7A in Membranous Nephropathy |
| title_short | A Novel Insight into the Role of PLA2R and THSD7A in Membranous Nephropathy |
| title_sort | novel insight into the role of pla2r and thsd7a in membranous nephropathy |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8163298 |
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