Predictors of persistent active disease and the longitudinal development of organ damage, patient-reported outcomes and autoantibodies in long-term juvenile dermatomyositis

Objective To quantify longitudinal development of disease activity, organ damage, patient-reported outcomes, and myositis autoantibody profiles in patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) after long-term follow-up, and to identify predictors for persistent active disease.Methods Forty patients (...

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Main Authors: Helga Sanner, Ivar Sjaastad, Henriette Schermacher Marstein, Kristin Schjander Berntsen, Kristine Risum, Mathis Korseberg Stokke, Simon Girmai Berger
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2025-06-01
Series:RMD Open
Online Access:https://rmdopen.bmj.com/content/11/2/e005598.full
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author Helga Sanner
Ivar Sjaastad
Henriette Schermacher Marstein
Kristin Schjander Berntsen
Kristine Risum
Mathis Korseberg Stokke
Simon Girmai Berger
author_facet Helga Sanner
Ivar Sjaastad
Henriette Schermacher Marstein
Kristin Schjander Berntsen
Kristine Risum
Mathis Korseberg Stokke
Simon Girmai Berger
author_sort Helga Sanner
collection DOAJ
description Objective To quantify longitudinal development of disease activity, organ damage, patient-reported outcomes, and myositis autoantibody profiles in patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) after long-term follow-up, and to identify predictors for persistent active disease.Methods Forty patients (65% female) diagnosed with JDM were clinically examined at two different time points (visits 1 and 2). We assessed clinically inactive/active disease by the updated PRINTO criteria and the Juvenile DermatoMyositis Activity Index (JDMAI). Organ damage was evaluated by Myositis Damage Index (MDI) and physical function by Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ/HAQ). Myositis autoantibodies were measured by myositis line immunoassay.Results Median disease duration from symptom onset was 15.1 (2.0–34.6) at visit 1 and 21.7 (7.6–42.7) years at visit 2. At visit 2, active disease (PRINTO) was found in 53%, impaired physical function (CHAQ/HAQ>0) in 40%, organ damage (MDItotal≥1) in 95% and myositis specific or associated antibodies in 33% of patients. Disease activity (JDMAI) was low in 24%, moderate in 8% and high in 3% of patients. There were no significant differences in organ damage and disease activity between visits. Higher disease activity and organ damage at visit 1 predicted persistent active disease at visit 2.Conclusions After a median of 21.7 years from symptom onset, the majority of JDM patients still had active disease. Higher organ damage and disease activity at the initial visit predicted persistent active disease at follow-up. These results underscore the chronic nature of JDM, emphasising the need for enhanced early and long-term management strategies to improve patient outcomes.
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spelling doaj-art-36c8196b5cfa48d7aee955f8a5d91c562025-08-20T02:07:10ZengBMJ Publishing GroupRMD Open2056-59332025-06-0111210.1136/rmdopen-2025-005598Predictors of persistent active disease and the longitudinal development of organ damage, patient-reported outcomes and autoantibodies in long-term juvenile dermatomyositisHelga Sanner0Ivar Sjaastad1Henriette Schermacher Marstein2Kristin Schjander Berntsen3Kristine Risum4Mathis Korseberg Stokke5Simon Girmai Berger6Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital Division of Surgery and Specialized Medicine, Oslo, Oslo, NorwayOslo University Hospital Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo, NorwayOslo University Hospital Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo, NorwayDepartment of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital Division of Surgery and Specialized Medicine, Oslo, Oslo, NorwayOslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, NorwayOslo University Hospital Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo, NorwayOslo University Hospital Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo, NorwayObjective To quantify longitudinal development of disease activity, organ damage, patient-reported outcomes, and myositis autoantibody profiles in patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) after long-term follow-up, and to identify predictors for persistent active disease.Methods Forty patients (65% female) diagnosed with JDM were clinically examined at two different time points (visits 1 and 2). We assessed clinically inactive/active disease by the updated PRINTO criteria and the Juvenile DermatoMyositis Activity Index (JDMAI). Organ damage was evaluated by Myositis Damage Index (MDI) and physical function by Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ/HAQ). Myositis autoantibodies were measured by myositis line immunoassay.Results Median disease duration from symptom onset was 15.1 (2.0–34.6) at visit 1 and 21.7 (7.6–42.7) years at visit 2. At visit 2, active disease (PRINTO) was found in 53%, impaired physical function (CHAQ/HAQ>0) in 40%, organ damage (MDItotal≥1) in 95% and myositis specific or associated antibodies in 33% of patients. Disease activity (JDMAI) was low in 24%, moderate in 8% and high in 3% of patients. There were no significant differences in organ damage and disease activity between visits. Higher disease activity and organ damage at visit 1 predicted persistent active disease at visit 2.Conclusions After a median of 21.7 years from symptom onset, the majority of JDM patients still had active disease. Higher organ damage and disease activity at the initial visit predicted persistent active disease at follow-up. These results underscore the chronic nature of JDM, emphasising the need for enhanced early and long-term management strategies to improve patient outcomes.https://rmdopen.bmj.com/content/11/2/e005598.full
spellingShingle Helga Sanner
Ivar Sjaastad
Henriette Schermacher Marstein
Kristin Schjander Berntsen
Kristine Risum
Mathis Korseberg Stokke
Simon Girmai Berger
Predictors of persistent active disease and the longitudinal development of organ damage, patient-reported outcomes and autoantibodies in long-term juvenile dermatomyositis
RMD Open
title Predictors of persistent active disease and the longitudinal development of organ damage, patient-reported outcomes and autoantibodies in long-term juvenile dermatomyositis
title_full Predictors of persistent active disease and the longitudinal development of organ damage, patient-reported outcomes and autoantibodies in long-term juvenile dermatomyositis
title_fullStr Predictors of persistent active disease and the longitudinal development of organ damage, patient-reported outcomes and autoantibodies in long-term juvenile dermatomyositis
title_full_unstemmed Predictors of persistent active disease and the longitudinal development of organ damage, patient-reported outcomes and autoantibodies in long-term juvenile dermatomyositis
title_short Predictors of persistent active disease and the longitudinal development of organ damage, patient-reported outcomes and autoantibodies in long-term juvenile dermatomyositis
title_sort predictors of persistent active disease and the longitudinal development of organ damage patient reported outcomes and autoantibodies in long term juvenile dermatomyositis
url https://rmdopen.bmj.com/content/11/2/e005598.full
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