Update on Reye Syndrome

Reye syndrome, once considered a single clinicopathological entity, is now recognized as an umbrella term encompassing heterogeneous disorders with infectious, metabolic, and toxic etiologies. Typically occurring after an antecedent viral illness, it is characterized by acute onset of emesis, enceph...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sandeep Negi, Jitendra Kumar Sahu, Pratibha Singhi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research
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Online Access:https://www.jpmer.com/doi/JPMER/pdf/10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1694
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Summary:Reye syndrome, once considered a single clinicopathological entity, is now recognized as an umbrella term encompassing heterogeneous disorders with infectious, metabolic, and toxic etiologies. Typically occurring after an antecedent viral illness, it is characterized by acute onset of emesis, encephalopathy, and hepatic dysfunction, with a peculiar childhood onset peaking between 5 and 15 years. Early diagnosis and aggressive therapeutic intervention are crucial in reducing mortality, which has dropped from 80–90% to 20–30% in developed countries. However, prognosis remains poor in developing countries due to late detection and advanced-stage presentation. Management strategies focus on supportive care, addressing cerebral edema and metabolic derangements. This includes controlling intracranial pressure, maintaining cerebral perfusion, and correcting hypoglycemia, acidosis, hyperammonemia, and coagulopathy. Recognizing Reye syndrome as a pediatric neurological emergency is critical, and prompt intervention can improve outcomes. This review provides an updated understanding of Reye syndrome, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and effective management.
ISSN:2277-8969
2278-0262