A study on the desalination process for high-concentration Na2SO4 using pilot-scale bipolar membrane electrodialysis
The production of battery cathode materials via wet processes in the lithium battery industry generates a substantial amount of Na₂SO₄ wastewater, necessitating treatments to meet regulatory discharge standards. Bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BPED) offers an effective method to convert Na₂SO₄ was...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Desalination and Water Treatment |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1944398625002383 |
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| author | Jiyong Joo Jeong-ki Moon Yulmin Jang |
| author_facet | Jiyong Joo Jeong-ki Moon Yulmin Jang |
| author_sort | Jiyong Joo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The production of battery cathode materials via wet processes in the lithium battery industry generates a substantial amount of Na₂SO₄ wastewater, necessitating treatments to meet regulatory discharge standards. Bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BPED) offers an effective method to convert Na₂SO₄ wastewater into valuable acid and base products. While a number of laboratory-scale studies have explored efficiency of BPED systems, there is a scarcity of research on pilot-scale BPED applications for Na₂SO₄ wastewater treatment. To assess industrial feasibility, a pilot-scale BPED system was systematically evaluated. In this study, the process exhibited energy consumption of 1.3 kWh/kg‐Na₂SO₄ and 0.9 kWh/kg‐Na₂SO₄ at 750 A/m2 and 550 A/m2, respectively. The H₂SO₄ and NaOH produced achieved purities of 96.1% and 99.6%, respectively. An economic analysis based on the treatment of 10,000 tons/year of a 20 wt% Na₂SO₄ solution estimated the capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operating expenditure (OPEX) at $22.2/ton-Na₂SO₄ and $229.2/ton-Na₂SO₄, respectively. These findings underscore cost-effectiveness and potential environmental advantages of upscaling the BPED process for industrial Na2SO4 wastewater treatment applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-36721fb1ea17492ab866b838db53d33b |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1944-3986 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Desalination and Water Treatment |
| spelling | doaj-art-36721fb1ea17492ab866b838db53d33b2025-08-20T02:02:51ZengElsevierDesalination and Water Treatment1944-39862025-04-0132210122210.1016/j.dwt.2025.101222A study on the desalination process for high-concentration Na2SO4 using pilot-scale bipolar membrane electrodialysisJiyong Joo0Jeong-ki Moon1Yulmin Jang2Corresponding author.; Environmental & Health Research Institute, Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (RIST), 67 Cheongam-ro, Pohang-si, South KoreaEnvironmental & Health Research Institute, Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (RIST), 67 Cheongam-ro, Pohang-si, South KoreaEnvironmental & Health Research Institute, Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (RIST), 67 Cheongam-ro, Pohang-si, South KoreaThe production of battery cathode materials via wet processes in the lithium battery industry generates a substantial amount of Na₂SO₄ wastewater, necessitating treatments to meet regulatory discharge standards. Bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BPED) offers an effective method to convert Na₂SO₄ wastewater into valuable acid and base products. While a number of laboratory-scale studies have explored efficiency of BPED systems, there is a scarcity of research on pilot-scale BPED applications for Na₂SO₄ wastewater treatment. To assess industrial feasibility, a pilot-scale BPED system was systematically evaluated. In this study, the process exhibited energy consumption of 1.3 kWh/kg‐Na₂SO₄ and 0.9 kWh/kg‐Na₂SO₄ at 750 A/m2 and 550 A/m2, respectively. The H₂SO₄ and NaOH produced achieved purities of 96.1% and 99.6%, respectively. An economic analysis based on the treatment of 10,000 tons/year of a 20 wt% Na₂SO₄ solution estimated the capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operating expenditure (OPEX) at $22.2/ton-Na₂SO₄ and $229.2/ton-Na₂SO₄, respectively. These findings underscore cost-effectiveness and potential environmental advantages of upscaling the BPED process for industrial Na2SO4 wastewater treatment applications.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1944398625002383Na2SO4 wastewaterPilot-scale bipolar membrane electrodialysisH2SO4NaOHEconomic analysis |
| spellingShingle | Jiyong Joo Jeong-ki Moon Yulmin Jang A study on the desalination process for high-concentration Na2SO4 using pilot-scale bipolar membrane electrodialysis Desalination and Water Treatment Na2SO4 wastewater Pilot-scale bipolar membrane electrodialysis H2SO4 NaOH Economic analysis |
| title | A study on the desalination process for high-concentration Na2SO4 using pilot-scale bipolar membrane electrodialysis |
| title_full | A study on the desalination process for high-concentration Na2SO4 using pilot-scale bipolar membrane electrodialysis |
| title_fullStr | A study on the desalination process for high-concentration Na2SO4 using pilot-scale bipolar membrane electrodialysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | A study on the desalination process for high-concentration Na2SO4 using pilot-scale bipolar membrane electrodialysis |
| title_short | A study on the desalination process for high-concentration Na2SO4 using pilot-scale bipolar membrane electrodialysis |
| title_sort | study on the desalination process for high concentration na2so4 using pilot scale bipolar membrane electrodialysis |
| topic | Na2SO4 wastewater Pilot-scale bipolar membrane electrodialysis H2SO4 NaOH Economic analysis |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1944398625002383 |
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