Sex differences in the association between atherogenic index of plasma and α-klotho: insights from a community-based cohort
Background The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) is a marker of lipid imbalance and cardiovascular risk, while α-Klotho is an anti-aging protein involved in oxidative stress and inflammation regulation. Although both are linked to cardiovascular and metabolic health, the relationship between AIP and...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
|
| Series: | Annals of Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/07853890.2025.2534091 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849715490307440640 |
|---|---|
| author | Xiaoyan Tang Jie Liu Hongwei Li Zili Chen Li Yang Rui Du |
| author_facet | Xiaoyan Tang Jie Liu Hongwei Li Zili Chen Li Yang Rui Du |
| author_sort | Xiaoyan Tang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) is a marker of lipid imbalance and cardiovascular risk, while α-Klotho is an anti-aging protein involved in oxidative stress and inflammation regulation. Although both are linked to cardiovascular and metabolic health, the relationship between AIP and α-Klotho, particularly regarding sex differences, remains unclear.Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of a community-based cohort drawn from five consecutive cycles of the NHANES (January 2007 – December 2016). A total of 4,897 participants aged 40 to 79 years were included. Weighted multivariate linear regression models assessed the association between AIP and serum α-Klotho (SαKl) levels, adjusting for demographic and clinical covariates. Sex-stratified analyses explored potential effect modification.Results Mean ± SE SαKl level was 869.9 ± 8.6 pg/mL in females and 826.6 ± 10.2 pg/mL in males; mean ± SE AIP values were −0.09 ± 0.01 and 0.05 ± 0.01, respectively. In the fully adjusted model, participants in the third (Q3) and fourth (Q4) AIP quartiles had significantly lower SαKl than those in Q1 (Q3: β = −40.32; 95% CI: −75.89, −4.75; p = 0.031, Q4: β = −41.03; 95% CI: −80.27, −1.78; p = 0.046). Sex-stratified analysis showed a stronger inverse association in females (Q3: β = −73.13; 95% CI: −123.58, −22.69; p = 0.006, Q4: β = −99.79; 95% CI: −154.68, −44.89; p < 0.001), whereas no significant relationship was observed in male.Conclusion AIP is inversely associated with SαKl in this community-based cohort, particularly among females, suggesting dyslipidemia may contribute to lower SαKl levels in a sex-specific manner. AIP could help identify individuals—especially females—at risk of SαKl deficiency. Prospective studies are warranted to confirm causality and to determine whether improving lipid profiles can preserve SαKl and related health outcomes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-36448b0a2e2d4de5953dd7e3dd8df62e |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0785-3890 1365-2060 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annals of Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-36448b0a2e2d4de5953dd7e3dd8df62e2025-08-20T03:13:22ZengTaylor & Francis GroupAnnals of Medicine0785-38901365-20602025-12-0157110.1080/07853890.2025.2534091Sex differences in the association between atherogenic index of plasma and α-klotho: insights from a community-based cohortXiaoyan Tang0Jie Liu1Hongwei Li2Zili Chen3Li Yang4Rui Du5Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaDepartment of Ultrasound, International Mongolian Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, ChinaDepartment of Procurement Management, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaDepartment of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaDepartment of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaDepartment of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaBackground The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) is a marker of lipid imbalance and cardiovascular risk, while α-Klotho is an anti-aging protein involved in oxidative stress and inflammation regulation. Although both are linked to cardiovascular and metabolic health, the relationship between AIP and α-Klotho, particularly regarding sex differences, remains unclear.Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of a community-based cohort drawn from five consecutive cycles of the NHANES (January 2007 – December 2016). A total of 4,897 participants aged 40 to 79 years were included. Weighted multivariate linear regression models assessed the association between AIP and serum α-Klotho (SαKl) levels, adjusting for demographic and clinical covariates. Sex-stratified analyses explored potential effect modification.Results Mean ± SE SαKl level was 869.9 ± 8.6 pg/mL in females and 826.6 ± 10.2 pg/mL in males; mean ± SE AIP values were −0.09 ± 0.01 and 0.05 ± 0.01, respectively. In the fully adjusted model, participants in the third (Q3) and fourth (Q4) AIP quartiles had significantly lower SαKl than those in Q1 (Q3: β = −40.32; 95% CI: −75.89, −4.75; p = 0.031, Q4: β = −41.03; 95% CI: −80.27, −1.78; p = 0.046). Sex-stratified analysis showed a stronger inverse association in females (Q3: β = −73.13; 95% CI: −123.58, −22.69; p = 0.006, Q4: β = −99.79; 95% CI: −154.68, −44.89; p < 0.001), whereas no significant relationship was observed in male.Conclusion AIP is inversely associated with SαKl in this community-based cohort, particularly among females, suggesting dyslipidemia may contribute to lower SαKl levels in a sex-specific manner. AIP could help identify individuals—especially females—at risk of SαKl deficiency. Prospective studies are warranted to confirm causality and to determine whether improving lipid profiles can preserve SαKl and related health outcomes.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/07853890.2025.2534091Atherogenic index of plasmaα − klothoaging biomarkerscross-sectional studyNHANES |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoyan Tang Jie Liu Hongwei Li Zili Chen Li Yang Rui Du Sex differences in the association between atherogenic index of plasma and α-klotho: insights from a community-based cohort Annals of Medicine Atherogenic index of plasma α − klotho aging biomarkers cross-sectional study NHANES |
| title | Sex differences in the association between atherogenic index of plasma and α-klotho: insights from a community-based cohort |
| title_full | Sex differences in the association between atherogenic index of plasma and α-klotho: insights from a community-based cohort |
| title_fullStr | Sex differences in the association between atherogenic index of plasma and α-klotho: insights from a community-based cohort |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sex differences in the association between atherogenic index of plasma and α-klotho: insights from a community-based cohort |
| title_short | Sex differences in the association between atherogenic index of plasma and α-klotho: insights from a community-based cohort |
| title_sort | sex differences in the association between atherogenic index of plasma and α klotho insights from a community based cohort |
| topic | Atherogenic index of plasma α − klotho aging biomarkers cross-sectional study NHANES |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/07853890.2025.2534091 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xiaoyantang sexdifferencesintheassociationbetweenatherogenicindexofplasmaandaklothoinsightsfromacommunitybasedcohort AT jieliu sexdifferencesintheassociationbetweenatherogenicindexofplasmaandaklothoinsightsfromacommunitybasedcohort AT hongweili sexdifferencesintheassociationbetweenatherogenicindexofplasmaandaklothoinsightsfromacommunitybasedcohort AT zilichen sexdifferencesintheassociationbetweenatherogenicindexofplasmaandaklothoinsightsfromacommunitybasedcohort AT liyang sexdifferencesintheassociationbetweenatherogenicindexofplasmaandaklothoinsightsfromacommunitybasedcohort AT ruidu sexdifferencesintheassociationbetweenatherogenicindexofplasmaandaklothoinsightsfromacommunitybasedcohort |