The impact of parental general anxiety disorder on parenting practices among Libyan parents: cross-sectional study

Abstract Background Anxiety disorders is one of the most prevalent mental diseases globally, with cases rising by over 55% from 1990 to 2019. Recent research suggests anxiety can be contagious and may affect daily routines and parenting practices. In North African and Middle Eastern countries, where...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Basma Diaeddin Abuhadra, Rima Abohadra, Nobutoshi Nawa, Takeo Fujiwara
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-03-01
Series:Discover Mental Health
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s44192-025-00156-y
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850057555755139072
author Basma Diaeddin Abuhadra
Rima Abohadra
Nobutoshi Nawa
Takeo Fujiwara
author_facet Basma Diaeddin Abuhadra
Rima Abohadra
Nobutoshi Nawa
Takeo Fujiwara
author_sort Basma Diaeddin Abuhadra
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Anxiety disorders is one of the most prevalent mental diseases globally, with cases rising by over 55% from 1990 to 2019. Recent research suggests anxiety can be contagious and may affect daily routines and parenting practices. In North African and Middle Eastern countries, where people face unique challenges such as natural disasters, war, and economic instability, the impact of anxiety on parenting is not well studied. This study aims to explore how general anxiety disorder (GAD) affects parenting styles and to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of GAD among Libyan parents, which are comparable to parents in the MENA region. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted in Libya, a MENA country, the sample included 233 parents aged 18–73 years who were assessed for anxiety and their parenting style by answering a self-administered online survey during the study period (1st May–18th October 2023), using (GAD-7) & (APQ) validated tools. Results A total of 233 responses were analyzed. It was identified that anxious parents, in contrast to non-anxious parents adopted more poor supervision [ $$\beta$$ β 0.62, 95% CI (0.06–1.19)], corporal punishment [ $$\beta$$ β 0.86, 95% CI (0.18–1.55)] and less parental involvement practices [ $$\beta$$ β −0.8, 95% CI (−1.43 to −0.17)] after adjusting for age, sex, marital status, education, employment, family income, experiencing miscarriage, the number and sex of their children, and having a child with special needs. Additionally, the prevalence of GAD among Libyan parents was (48.93%). Sex [AOR 3.84, 95% CI (1.57–9.39)], family income [AOR 2.05, 95% CI (1.09–3.84)], and the number of children [AOR 3.23, CI (1.09–9.57)] were all significant predictors for anxiety. Conclusion This study highlights the significant impact of parental GAD on parenting, showing trends like increased corporal punishment, poor supervision, and reduced involvement. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions to support anxious parents. Addressing parental mental health can improve family dynamics and break negative intergenerational cycles. Stakeholders and policymakers should prioritize mental health resources to foster positive parenting and mitigate the long-term effects of anxiety on children's development.
format Article
id doaj-art-3625ad53c6ff454f8b156a72f7f2d520
institution DOAJ
issn 2731-4383
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Springer
record_format Article
series Discover Mental Health
spelling doaj-art-3625ad53c6ff454f8b156a72f7f2d5202025-08-20T02:51:24ZengSpringerDiscover Mental Health2731-43832025-03-015111710.1007/s44192-025-00156-yThe impact of parental general anxiety disorder on parenting practices among Libyan parents: cross-sectional studyBasma Diaeddin Abuhadra0Rima Abohadra1Nobutoshi Nawa2Takeo Fujiwara3Department of Public Health, Institute of Science TokyoPediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of TripoliDepartment of Public Health, Institute of Science TokyoDepartment of Public Health, Institute of Science TokyoAbstract Background Anxiety disorders is one of the most prevalent mental diseases globally, with cases rising by over 55% from 1990 to 2019. Recent research suggests anxiety can be contagious and may affect daily routines and parenting practices. In North African and Middle Eastern countries, where people face unique challenges such as natural disasters, war, and economic instability, the impact of anxiety on parenting is not well studied. This study aims to explore how general anxiety disorder (GAD) affects parenting styles and to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of GAD among Libyan parents, which are comparable to parents in the MENA region. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted in Libya, a MENA country, the sample included 233 parents aged 18–73 years who were assessed for anxiety and their parenting style by answering a self-administered online survey during the study period (1st May–18th October 2023), using (GAD-7) & (APQ) validated tools. Results A total of 233 responses were analyzed. It was identified that anxious parents, in contrast to non-anxious parents adopted more poor supervision [ $$\beta$$ β 0.62, 95% CI (0.06–1.19)], corporal punishment [ $$\beta$$ β 0.86, 95% CI (0.18–1.55)] and less parental involvement practices [ $$\beta$$ β −0.8, 95% CI (−1.43 to −0.17)] after adjusting for age, sex, marital status, education, employment, family income, experiencing miscarriage, the number and sex of their children, and having a child with special needs. Additionally, the prevalence of GAD among Libyan parents was (48.93%). Sex [AOR 3.84, 95% CI (1.57–9.39)], family income [AOR 2.05, 95% CI (1.09–3.84)], and the number of children [AOR 3.23, CI (1.09–9.57)] were all significant predictors for anxiety. Conclusion This study highlights the significant impact of parental GAD on parenting, showing trends like increased corporal punishment, poor supervision, and reduced involvement. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions to support anxious parents. Addressing parental mental health can improve family dynamics and break negative intergenerational cycles. Stakeholders and policymakers should prioritize mental health resources to foster positive parenting and mitigate the long-term effects of anxiety on children's development.https://doi.org/10.1007/s44192-025-00156-yParental mental healthAnxietyGeneral anxiety disorderParenting practicesPositive parentingParental involvement
spellingShingle Basma Diaeddin Abuhadra
Rima Abohadra
Nobutoshi Nawa
Takeo Fujiwara
The impact of parental general anxiety disorder on parenting practices among Libyan parents: cross-sectional study
Discover Mental Health
Parental mental health
Anxiety
General anxiety disorder
Parenting practices
Positive parenting
Parental involvement
title The impact of parental general anxiety disorder on parenting practices among Libyan parents: cross-sectional study
title_full The impact of parental general anxiety disorder on parenting practices among Libyan parents: cross-sectional study
title_fullStr The impact of parental general anxiety disorder on parenting practices among Libyan parents: cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed The impact of parental general anxiety disorder on parenting practices among Libyan parents: cross-sectional study
title_short The impact of parental general anxiety disorder on parenting practices among Libyan parents: cross-sectional study
title_sort impact of parental general anxiety disorder on parenting practices among libyan parents cross sectional study
topic Parental mental health
Anxiety
General anxiety disorder
Parenting practices
Positive parenting
Parental involvement
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s44192-025-00156-y
work_keys_str_mv AT basmadiaeddinabuhadra theimpactofparentalgeneralanxietydisorderonparentingpracticesamonglibyanparentscrosssectionalstudy
AT rimaabohadra theimpactofparentalgeneralanxietydisorderonparentingpracticesamonglibyanparentscrosssectionalstudy
AT nobutoshinawa theimpactofparentalgeneralanxietydisorderonparentingpracticesamonglibyanparentscrosssectionalstudy
AT takeofujiwara theimpactofparentalgeneralanxietydisorderonparentingpracticesamonglibyanparentscrosssectionalstudy
AT basmadiaeddinabuhadra impactofparentalgeneralanxietydisorderonparentingpracticesamonglibyanparentscrosssectionalstudy
AT rimaabohadra impactofparentalgeneralanxietydisorderonparentingpracticesamonglibyanparentscrosssectionalstudy
AT nobutoshinawa impactofparentalgeneralanxietydisorderonparentingpracticesamonglibyanparentscrosssectionalstudy
AT takeofujiwara impactofparentalgeneralanxietydisorderonparentingpracticesamonglibyanparentscrosssectionalstudy