Method for Observing SMOKing and vaping bEhaviours (MOSMOKE): development and validation of a systematic observation tool
Objective Policies and interventions increasingly aim to reduce smoking in outdoor public spaces, but evidence on factors influencing smoking in specific locations remains limited. Systematic observation can unobtrusively assess behaviours in environmental contexts, reducing biases from self-report....
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2025-07-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/7/e105510.full |
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