Agro-Residues and Sucrose Alternatives in Confectionery Transformation Towards Glucose Spikes Minimization

Apple and beetroot pomace flour (APF and BPF), along with two sweeteners, sucrose and a blend of sucrose substitutes (erythritol, stevia, inulin, and fructose), were simultaneously incorporated into three matrices formulated with agar, pectin, or gelatin as gelling agents. The aim was to produce jel...

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Main Authors: Snežana Zlatanović, Jovanka Laličić-Petronijević, Ferenc Pastor, Darko Micić, Margarita Dodevska, Milica Stevanović, Sven Karlović, Stanislava Gorjanović
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Foods
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/3/491
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author Snežana Zlatanović
Jovanka Laličić-Petronijević
Ferenc Pastor
Darko Micić
Margarita Dodevska
Milica Stevanović
Sven Karlović
Stanislava Gorjanović
author_facet Snežana Zlatanović
Jovanka Laličić-Petronijević
Ferenc Pastor
Darko Micić
Margarita Dodevska
Milica Stevanović
Sven Karlović
Stanislava Gorjanović
author_sort Snežana Zlatanović
collection DOAJ
description Apple and beetroot pomace flour (APF and BPF), along with two sweeteners, sucrose and a blend of sucrose substitutes (erythritol, stevia, inulin, and fructose), were simultaneously incorporated into three matrices formulated with agar, pectin, or gelatin as gelling agents. The aim was to produce jelly candies with high content of dietary fiber and dietary phenolics, and reduced energy value. The simultaneous incorporation of sucrose substitutes and pomace flour resulted in decrease of Carb:Fiber and Sugar:Fiber Ratio to extremely low values of 2.7–3.4 and 1.3–1.6 respectively, as well as in Energy:Fiber Ratio decrease to 9.2–12.3 kcal/g DF. Relative Antioxidant Capacity Index (RACI), as indicator of antioxidant potential, was calculated by assigning equal weight to Folin–Ciocâlteu, DPPH and FRAP assays applied upon in vitro digestion of 18 formulations of jelly candies. Results obtained for formulations with and without sucrose, as well as with and without APF or BPF, enabled insight into effects of pomace flour addition and sucrose substitution in each gelling matrix on functional properties. The incorporation and the substitution impact on postprandial glucose response were followed in vivo. Their superimposing resulted in glycemic index below 30 and low glycemic load. Efficiency of applied approach in functionalization of confectionery burden with energy and minimization of glucose spike represent an example of agro-residues re-introduction with the highest potential contribution to anti-obesity strategy.
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spelling doaj-art-35ac5969ba124224880c00ceca3fc2a52025-08-20T02:12:25ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-02-0114349110.3390/foods14030491Agro-Residues and Sucrose Alternatives in Confectionery Transformation Towards Glucose Spikes MinimizationSnežana Zlatanović0Jovanka Laličić-Petronijević1Ferenc Pastor2Darko Micić3Margarita Dodevska4Milica Stevanović5Sven Karlović6Stanislava Gorjanović7Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12/V, 11158 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12/V, 11158 Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute of Public Health of Serbia «Dr Milan Jovanovic Batut», Dr Subotica Starijeg 5, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaInstitute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12/V, 11158 Belgrade, SerbiaApple and beetroot pomace flour (APF and BPF), along with two sweeteners, sucrose and a blend of sucrose substitutes (erythritol, stevia, inulin, and fructose), were simultaneously incorporated into three matrices formulated with agar, pectin, or gelatin as gelling agents. The aim was to produce jelly candies with high content of dietary fiber and dietary phenolics, and reduced energy value. The simultaneous incorporation of sucrose substitutes and pomace flour resulted in decrease of Carb:Fiber and Sugar:Fiber Ratio to extremely low values of 2.7–3.4 and 1.3–1.6 respectively, as well as in Energy:Fiber Ratio decrease to 9.2–12.3 kcal/g DF. Relative Antioxidant Capacity Index (RACI), as indicator of antioxidant potential, was calculated by assigning equal weight to Folin–Ciocâlteu, DPPH and FRAP assays applied upon in vitro digestion of 18 formulations of jelly candies. Results obtained for formulations with and without sucrose, as well as with and without APF or BPF, enabled insight into effects of pomace flour addition and sucrose substitution in each gelling matrix on functional properties. The incorporation and the substitution impact on postprandial glucose response were followed in vivo. Their superimposing resulted in glycemic index below 30 and low glycemic load. Efficiency of applied approach in functionalization of confectionery burden with energy and minimization of glucose spike represent an example of agro-residues re-introduction with the highest potential contribution to anti-obesity strategy.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/3/491applebeetrootcarb:fiberdietary fiberlow energypomace
spellingShingle Snežana Zlatanović
Jovanka Laličić-Petronijević
Ferenc Pastor
Darko Micić
Margarita Dodevska
Milica Stevanović
Sven Karlović
Stanislava Gorjanović
Agro-Residues and Sucrose Alternatives in Confectionery Transformation Towards Glucose Spikes Minimization
Foods
apple
beetroot
carb:fiber
dietary fiber
low energy
pomace
title Agro-Residues and Sucrose Alternatives in Confectionery Transformation Towards Glucose Spikes Minimization
title_full Agro-Residues and Sucrose Alternatives in Confectionery Transformation Towards Glucose Spikes Minimization
title_fullStr Agro-Residues and Sucrose Alternatives in Confectionery Transformation Towards Glucose Spikes Minimization
title_full_unstemmed Agro-Residues and Sucrose Alternatives in Confectionery Transformation Towards Glucose Spikes Minimization
title_short Agro-Residues and Sucrose Alternatives in Confectionery Transformation Towards Glucose Spikes Minimization
title_sort agro residues and sucrose alternatives in confectionery transformation towards glucose spikes minimization
topic apple
beetroot
carb:fiber
dietary fiber
low energy
pomace
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/3/491
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AT darkomicic agroresiduesandsucrosealternativesinconfectionerytransformationtowardsglucosespikesminimization
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