Visible light induced photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin using xC-TiO2
In recent years, antibiotic pollution has become a major environmental concern. The extensive production and widespread use of prescribed antibiotics have significantly impacted ecosystems. The main objective of the present study is to investigate the photocatalytic degradation of the antibiotic nor...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| author | Adnan Kalsoom Farah Muhammad Zada Sarwat Ho Soonmin Behramand Khan Muhammad Alamzeb Wei Sun Jawad Ikram Najeeb ur Rehman |
| author_facet | Adnan Kalsoom Farah Muhammad Zada Sarwat Ho Soonmin Behramand Khan Muhammad Alamzeb Wei Sun Jawad Ikram Najeeb ur Rehman |
| author_sort | Adnan |
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| description | In recent years, antibiotic pollution has become a major environmental concern. The extensive production and widespread use of prescribed antibiotics have significantly impacted ecosystems. The main objective of the present study is to investigate the photocatalytic degradation of the antibiotic norfloxacin (NFX) under visible light. In this work photocatalysis of NFX was demonstrated under the source of visible radiation by using carbon dopped-titania (C-TiO2) nanoparticles as catalyst prepared by a modified sol-gel method using n-hexane and benzene as carbon precursors. The synthesized samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. The effect of various parameters like initial concentration, catalyst dosage, irradiation time, pH, and inorganic ions were investigated on the photocatalysis of NFX. The XRD and SEM analysis exhibits that the synthesized C-TiO2 nanoparticles were of anatase phase having spherical shape with a mean particle size of about 11–17 nm. The results shows that the best photocatalytic efficiency (74 % & 81 %) was achieved at pH = 8 in 150 min. The degradation of NFX follows pseudo-2nd -order kinetics, while favors Langmuir isotherm model. The inhibition effect of various inorganic ions on the photocatalysis of NFX was in the order of F⁻>SO42⁻>HCO3⁻>NO3⁻. The present study shows that C-TiO2 is an optimistic and efficient catalyst for the photocatalysis of NFX antibiotics. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-355698fe0918435bac25b8d4ae51d73f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj-art-355698fe0918435bac25b8d4ae51d73f2025-01-17T04:50:54ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402025-01-01111e41320Visible light induced photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin using xC-TiO2 Adnan0 Kalsoom1Farah Muhammad Zada2 Sarwat3Ho Soonmin4Behramand Khan5Muhammad Alamzeb6Wei Sun7Jawad Ikram8Najeeb ur Rehman9Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, 19120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan; Corresponding author.Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, 19120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PakistanInstitute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, 19120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PakistanInstitute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, 19120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PakistanFaculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Putra Nilai, 71800, Negeri Sembilan, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemistry, Islamia College University, Peshawar, 25120, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, University of Kotli, Kotli, 11100, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, PakistanCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, ChinaInstitute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, 19120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PakistanInstitute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, 19120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PakistanIn recent years, antibiotic pollution has become a major environmental concern. The extensive production and widespread use of prescribed antibiotics have significantly impacted ecosystems. The main objective of the present study is to investigate the photocatalytic degradation of the antibiotic norfloxacin (NFX) under visible light. In this work photocatalysis of NFX was demonstrated under the source of visible radiation by using carbon dopped-titania (C-TiO2) nanoparticles as catalyst prepared by a modified sol-gel method using n-hexane and benzene as carbon precursors. The synthesized samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. The effect of various parameters like initial concentration, catalyst dosage, irradiation time, pH, and inorganic ions were investigated on the photocatalysis of NFX. The XRD and SEM analysis exhibits that the synthesized C-TiO2 nanoparticles were of anatase phase having spherical shape with a mean particle size of about 11–17 nm. The results shows that the best photocatalytic efficiency (74 % & 81 %) was achieved at pH = 8 in 150 min. The degradation of NFX follows pseudo-2nd -order kinetics, while favors Langmuir isotherm model. The inhibition effect of various inorganic ions on the photocatalysis of NFX was in the order of F⁻>SO42⁻>HCO3⁻>NO3⁻. The present study shows that C-TiO2 is an optimistic and efficient catalyst for the photocatalysis of NFX antibiotics.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024173513Visible light photocatalysisNorfloxacin degradationCarbon-doped TiO2Antibiotic removalNanoparticlesKinetics |
| spellingShingle | Adnan Kalsoom Farah Muhammad Zada Sarwat Ho Soonmin Behramand Khan Muhammad Alamzeb Wei Sun Jawad Ikram Najeeb ur Rehman Visible light induced photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin using xC-TiO2 Heliyon Visible light photocatalysis Norfloxacin degradation Carbon-doped TiO2 Antibiotic removal Nanoparticles Kinetics |
| title | Visible light induced photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin using xC-TiO2 |
| title_full | Visible light induced photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin using xC-TiO2 |
| title_fullStr | Visible light induced photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin using xC-TiO2 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Visible light induced photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin using xC-TiO2 |
| title_short | Visible light induced photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin using xC-TiO2 |
| title_sort | visible light induced photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin using xc tio2 |
| topic | Visible light photocatalysis Norfloxacin degradation Carbon-doped TiO2 Antibiotic removal Nanoparticles Kinetics |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024173513 |
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