Geometry-dependent skin effects in reciprocal photonic crystals

Skin effect that all eigenmodes within a frequency range become edge states is dictated by the topological properties of complex eigenvalues unique in non-Hermitian systems. The prevailing attempts to realize such a fascinating effect are confined to either one-dimensional or nonreciprocal systems e...

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Main Authors: Fang Zhening, Hu Mengying, Zhou Lei, Ding Kun
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: De Gruyter 2022-06-01
Series:Nanophotonics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2022-0211
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author Fang Zhening
Hu Mengying
Zhou Lei
Ding Kun
author_facet Fang Zhening
Hu Mengying
Zhou Lei
Ding Kun
author_sort Fang Zhening
collection DOAJ
description Skin effect that all eigenmodes within a frequency range become edge states is dictated by the topological properties of complex eigenvalues unique in non-Hermitian systems. The prevailing attempts to realize such a fascinating effect are confined to either one-dimensional or nonreciprocal systems exhibiting asymmetric couplings. Here, inspired by a recent model Hamiltonian theory, we propose a realistic reciprocal two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal (PhC) system that shows the desired skin effect. Specifically, we establish a routine for designing such non-Hermitian systems via revealing the inherent connections between the nontrivial eigenvalue topology of order-2 exceptional points (EPs) and the skin effects. Guided by the proposed strategy, we successfully design a 2D PhC that possesses the EPs with nonzero eigenvalue winding numbers. The spectral area along a specific wavevector direction is then formed by leveraging the symmetry of the macroscopic geometry and the unit cell. The projected-band-structure calculations are performed to demonstrate that the desired skin effect exists at the specific crystalline interfaces. We finally employ time-domain simulations to vividly illustrate this phenomenon by exciting a pulse at the center of a finite-sized PhC. Our results form a solid basis for further experimental confirmations and applications of the skin effect.
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spelling doaj-art-35164f4525a3430cbf3e8c7d85be25ac2024-11-25T11:19:07ZengDe GruyterNanophotonics2192-86142022-06-0111153447345610.1515/nanoph-2022-0211Geometry-dependent skin effects in reciprocal photonic crystalsFang Zhening0Hu Mengying1Zhou Lei2Ding Kun3Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai200438, ChinaDepartment of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai200438, ChinaDepartment of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai200438, ChinaDepartment of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai200438, ChinaSkin effect that all eigenmodes within a frequency range become edge states is dictated by the topological properties of complex eigenvalues unique in non-Hermitian systems. The prevailing attempts to realize such a fascinating effect are confined to either one-dimensional or nonreciprocal systems exhibiting asymmetric couplings. Here, inspired by a recent model Hamiltonian theory, we propose a realistic reciprocal two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal (PhC) system that shows the desired skin effect. Specifically, we establish a routine for designing such non-Hermitian systems via revealing the inherent connections between the nontrivial eigenvalue topology of order-2 exceptional points (EPs) and the skin effects. Guided by the proposed strategy, we successfully design a 2D PhC that possesses the EPs with nonzero eigenvalue winding numbers. The spectral area along a specific wavevector direction is then formed by leveraging the symmetry of the macroscopic geometry and the unit cell. The projected-band-structure calculations are performed to demonstrate that the desired skin effect exists at the specific crystalline interfaces. We finally employ time-domain simulations to vividly illustrate this phenomenon by exciting a pulse at the center of a finite-sized PhC. Our results form a solid basis for further experimental confirmations and applications of the skin effect.https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2022-0211exceptional pointsnon-hermitian skin effectsphotonic crystals
spellingShingle Fang Zhening
Hu Mengying
Zhou Lei
Ding Kun
Geometry-dependent skin effects in reciprocal photonic crystals
Nanophotonics
exceptional points
non-hermitian skin effects
photonic crystals
title Geometry-dependent skin effects in reciprocal photonic crystals
title_full Geometry-dependent skin effects in reciprocal photonic crystals
title_fullStr Geometry-dependent skin effects in reciprocal photonic crystals
title_full_unstemmed Geometry-dependent skin effects in reciprocal photonic crystals
title_short Geometry-dependent skin effects in reciprocal photonic crystals
title_sort geometry dependent skin effects in reciprocal photonic crystals
topic exceptional points
non-hermitian skin effects
photonic crystals
url https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2022-0211
work_keys_str_mv AT fangzhening geometrydependentskineffectsinreciprocalphotoniccrystals
AT humengying geometrydependentskineffectsinreciprocalphotoniccrystals
AT zhoulei geometrydependentskineffectsinreciprocalphotoniccrystals
AT dingkun geometrydependentskineffectsinreciprocalphotoniccrystals