Dual-Port Six-Band Rectenna with Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency at Ultra-Low Input Power

In this paper, a novel topology and method for designing a multi-band rectenna is proposed to improve its RF-DC efficiency. The rectifier achieves simultaneous rectification using both series and parallel configurations by connecting two branches to the respective terminals of the diode, directing t...

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Main Authors: Shihao Sun, Yuchao Wang, Bingyang Li, Hanyu Xue, Cheng Zhang, Feng Xu, Chaoyun Song
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Sensors
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/23/7433
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author Shihao Sun
Yuchao Wang
Bingyang Li
Hanyu Xue
Cheng Zhang
Feng Xu
Chaoyun Song
author_facet Shihao Sun
Yuchao Wang
Bingyang Li
Hanyu Xue
Cheng Zhang
Feng Xu
Chaoyun Song
author_sort Shihao Sun
collection DOAJ
description In this paper, a novel topology and method for designing a multi-band rectenna is proposed to improve its RF-DC efficiency. The rectifier achieves simultaneous rectification using both series and parallel configurations by connecting two branches to the respective terminals of the diode, directing the energy input from two ports to the anode and cathode of the diode. Six desired operating frequency bands are evenly distributed across these two branches, each of which is connected to antennas corresponding to their specific operating frequencies, serving as the receiving end of the system. To optimize the design process, a low-pass filter is incorporated into the rectifier design. This filter works in conjunction with a matching network that includes filtering capabilities to isolate the two ports of the rectifier. The addition of the filter ensures that each structure within the rectifier can be designed independently without adversely affecting the performance of the already completed structures. Based on the proposed design methodology, a dual-port rectenna operating at six frequency bands—1.85 GHz, 2.25 GHz, 2.6 GHz, 3.52 GHz, 5.01 GHz, and 5.89 GHz—was designed, covering the 4G, 5G, and Wi-Fi/WLAN frequency bands. The measured results indicate that high-power conversion efficiency was achieved at an input power of −10 dBm: 43.01% @ 1.85 GHz, 41.00% @ 2.25 GHz, 41.33% @ 2.6 GHz, 35.88% @ 3.52 GHz, 22.36% @ 5.01 GHz, and 19.27% @ 5.89 GHz. When the input power is −20 dBm, the conversion efficiency of the rectenna can be improved from 5.2% for single-tone input to 27.7% for six-tone input, representing a 22.5 percentage point improvement. The proposed rectenna demonstrates significant potential for applications in powering low-power sensors and other devices within the Internet of Everything context.
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issn 1424-8220
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publishDate 2024-11-01
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spelling doaj-art-3514273d328440a68ef714efc9b2003d2025-08-20T01:55:30ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-11-012423743310.3390/s24237433Dual-Port Six-Band Rectenna with Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency at Ultra-Low Input PowerShihao Sun0Yuchao Wang1Bingyang Li2Hanyu Xue3Cheng Zhang4Feng Xu5Chaoyun Song6School of Physics and Mechanics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, ChinaSchool of Physics and Mechanics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, ChinaChina Academy of Aerospace Science and Innovation, Beijing 100094, ChinaSchool of Physics and Mechanics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, ChinaShanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, ChinaSchool of Physics and Mechanics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, ChinaCollege of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaIn this paper, a novel topology and method for designing a multi-band rectenna is proposed to improve its RF-DC efficiency. The rectifier achieves simultaneous rectification using both series and parallel configurations by connecting two branches to the respective terminals of the diode, directing the energy input from two ports to the anode and cathode of the diode. Six desired operating frequency bands are evenly distributed across these two branches, each of which is connected to antennas corresponding to their specific operating frequencies, serving as the receiving end of the system. To optimize the design process, a low-pass filter is incorporated into the rectifier design. This filter works in conjunction with a matching network that includes filtering capabilities to isolate the two ports of the rectifier. The addition of the filter ensures that each structure within the rectifier can be designed independently without adversely affecting the performance of the already completed structures. Based on the proposed design methodology, a dual-port rectenna operating at six frequency bands—1.85 GHz, 2.25 GHz, 2.6 GHz, 3.52 GHz, 5.01 GHz, and 5.89 GHz—was designed, covering the 4G, 5G, and Wi-Fi/WLAN frequency bands. The measured results indicate that high-power conversion efficiency was achieved at an input power of −10 dBm: 43.01% @ 1.85 GHz, 41.00% @ 2.25 GHz, 41.33% @ 2.6 GHz, 35.88% @ 3.52 GHz, 22.36% @ 5.01 GHz, and 19.27% @ 5.89 GHz. When the input power is −20 dBm, the conversion efficiency of the rectenna can be improved from 5.2% for single-tone input to 27.7% for six-tone input, representing a 22.5 percentage point improvement. The proposed rectenna demonstrates significant potential for applications in powering low-power sensors and other devices within the Internet of Everything context.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/23/7433RF energy harvestinghigh efficiency rectennasmulti-band rectennas
spellingShingle Shihao Sun
Yuchao Wang
Bingyang Li
Hanyu Xue
Cheng Zhang
Feng Xu
Chaoyun Song
Dual-Port Six-Band Rectenna with Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency at Ultra-Low Input Power
Sensors
RF energy harvesting
high efficiency rectennas
multi-band rectennas
title Dual-Port Six-Band Rectenna with Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency at Ultra-Low Input Power
title_full Dual-Port Six-Band Rectenna with Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency at Ultra-Low Input Power
title_fullStr Dual-Port Six-Band Rectenna with Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency at Ultra-Low Input Power
title_full_unstemmed Dual-Port Six-Band Rectenna with Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency at Ultra-Low Input Power
title_short Dual-Port Six-Band Rectenna with Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency at Ultra-Low Input Power
title_sort dual port six band rectenna with enhanced power conversion efficiency at ultra low input power
topic RF energy harvesting
high efficiency rectennas
multi-band rectennas
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/23/7433
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AT bingyangli dualportsixbandrectennawithenhancedpowerconversionefficiencyatultralowinputpower
AT hanyuxue dualportsixbandrectennawithenhancedpowerconversionefficiencyatultralowinputpower
AT chengzhang dualportsixbandrectennawithenhancedpowerconversionefficiencyatultralowinputpower
AT fengxu dualportsixbandrectennawithenhancedpowerconversionefficiencyatultralowinputpower
AT chaoyunsong dualportsixbandrectennawithenhancedpowerconversionefficiencyatultralowinputpower