Development and Characterization of LDPE/EVA Films Incorporating Carvacrol Essential Oil with Antifungal Activity

The development of antimicrobial and antioxidant packaging materials is critical for improving food safety and extending shelf life. This study aimed to design and characterize low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) films incorporating organically modified montmori...

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Main Authors: Konstantinos Safakas, Georgia C. Lainioti, Pinelopi Koutsodima, Panagiota Stathopoulou, Athanasios Ladavos
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Foods
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/12/2069
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author Konstantinos Safakas
Georgia C. Lainioti
Pinelopi Koutsodima
Panagiota Stathopoulou
Athanasios Ladavos
author_facet Konstantinos Safakas
Georgia C. Lainioti
Pinelopi Koutsodima
Panagiota Stathopoulou
Athanasios Ladavos
author_sort Konstantinos Safakas
collection DOAJ
description The development of antimicrobial and antioxidant packaging materials is critical for improving food safety and extending shelf life. This study aimed to design and characterize low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) films incorporating organically modified montmorillonite (OMt) nanocarriers loaded with carvacrol (C) and thymol (T) essential oil components. The incorporation of carvacrol and thymol into OMt was conducted through an evaporation/adsorption method without the use of organic solvents. In the next step, LDPE, EVA and OMtC or OMtT were melt-compounded in order to obtain films. Characterization of the bioactive nanocarriers and films was performed through X-ray diffraction (XRD), tensile testing, oxygen permeability measurements (OTR) and antioxidant assays. Films LDPE/EVA/OMtC and LDPE/EVA/OMtT showed improved mechanical strength and antioxidant activity, with IC<sub>50</sub> values between 0.32 and 0.52 mg/mL. Film with component weight ratio LDPE/EVA/OMtC equal to 80/10/10 also demonstrated enhanced barrier properties and significantly inhibited fungal growth on baguette bread for up to 60 days. These findings highlight the potential of these bioactive films to improve the microbial safety and shelf life of bakery products.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2304-8158
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spelling doaj-art-34e4fd6ae4ff4134af62e2dee07ccbec2025-08-20T03:27:22ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-06-011412206910.3390/foods14122069Development and Characterization of LDPE/EVA Films Incorporating Carvacrol Essential Oil with Antifungal ActivityKonstantinos Safakas0Georgia C. Lainioti1Pinelopi Koutsodima2Panagiota Stathopoulou3Athanasios Ladavos4Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Patras, GR-30100 Agrinio, GreeceDepartment of Food Science & Technology, University of Patras, GR-30100 Agrinio, GreeceDepartment of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, GR-30100 Agrinio, GreeceDepartment of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, GR-30100 Agrinio, GreeceDepartment of Food Science & Technology, University of Patras, GR-30100 Agrinio, GreeceThe development of antimicrobial and antioxidant packaging materials is critical for improving food safety and extending shelf life. This study aimed to design and characterize low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) films incorporating organically modified montmorillonite (OMt) nanocarriers loaded with carvacrol (C) and thymol (T) essential oil components. The incorporation of carvacrol and thymol into OMt was conducted through an evaporation/adsorption method without the use of organic solvents. In the next step, LDPE, EVA and OMtC or OMtT were melt-compounded in order to obtain films. Characterization of the bioactive nanocarriers and films was performed through X-ray diffraction (XRD), tensile testing, oxygen permeability measurements (OTR) and antioxidant assays. Films LDPE/EVA/OMtC and LDPE/EVA/OMtT showed improved mechanical strength and antioxidant activity, with IC<sub>50</sub> values between 0.32 and 0.52 mg/mL. Film with component weight ratio LDPE/EVA/OMtC equal to 80/10/10 also demonstrated enhanced barrier properties and significantly inhibited fungal growth on baguette bread for up to 60 days. These findings highlight the potential of these bioactive films to improve the microbial safety and shelf life of bakery products.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/12/2069active packagingcarvacrolmechanical propertieslow-density polyethylenepoly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)antioxidant activity
spellingShingle Konstantinos Safakas
Georgia C. Lainioti
Pinelopi Koutsodima
Panagiota Stathopoulou
Athanasios Ladavos
Development and Characterization of LDPE/EVA Films Incorporating Carvacrol Essential Oil with Antifungal Activity
Foods
active packaging
carvacrol
mechanical properties
low-density polyethylene
poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)
antioxidant activity
title Development and Characterization of LDPE/EVA Films Incorporating Carvacrol Essential Oil with Antifungal Activity
title_full Development and Characterization of LDPE/EVA Films Incorporating Carvacrol Essential Oil with Antifungal Activity
title_fullStr Development and Characterization of LDPE/EVA Films Incorporating Carvacrol Essential Oil with Antifungal Activity
title_full_unstemmed Development and Characterization of LDPE/EVA Films Incorporating Carvacrol Essential Oil with Antifungal Activity
title_short Development and Characterization of LDPE/EVA Films Incorporating Carvacrol Essential Oil with Antifungal Activity
title_sort development and characterization of ldpe eva films incorporating carvacrol essential oil with antifungal activity
topic active packaging
carvacrol
mechanical properties
low-density polyethylene
poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)
antioxidant activity
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/12/2069
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