Development of Half-Sandwich Panels with Alkali-Activated Ceramic and Slag Wastes: Mechanical and Thermal Characterization
This paper presents the development of two solutions for sandwich panels composed of a thin-layer alkali-activated composite (AAc) layer and a thicker insulation layer, formed by extruded polystyrene foam or expanded cork agglomerate (panels named AP<sub>XPS</sub> or AP<sub>ICB<...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-04-01
|
| Series: | Buildings |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/9/1469 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Summary: | This paper presents the development of two solutions for sandwich panels composed of a thin-layer alkali-activated composite (AAc) layer and a thicker insulation layer, formed by extruded polystyrene foam or expanded cork agglomerate (panels named AP<sub>XPS</sub> or AP<sub>ICB</sub>, respectively). The AAc combined ceramic waste from clay bricks and roof tiles (75%) with ladle furnace slag (25%), activated with sodium silicate. The AAc layer was further reinforced with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers (1% content). The mechanical behavior was assessed by measuring the uniaxial compressive strength of cubic AAc specimens, shear bond strength, pull-off strength between the AAc layer and the insulation material, and the flexural behavior of the sandwich panels. The thermal performance was characterized by heat flux, inner surface temperatures, the thermal transmission coefficient, thermal resistance, and thermal conductivity. Mechanical test results indicated clear differences between the two proposed solutions. Although AP<sub>XPS</sub> panels exhibited higher tensile bond strength values, the AP<sub>ICB</sub> panels demonstrated superior interlayer bond performance. Similar findings were observed for the shear bond strength, where the irregular surface of the ICB positively influenced the adhesion to the AAc layer. In terms of flexural behavior, after the initial peak load, the AP<sub>XPS</sub> exhibited a deflection-hardening response, achieving greater load-bearing capacity and energy absorption capacity compared to the AP<sub>ICB</sub>. Finally, thermal resistance values of 1.02 m<sup>2</sup> °C/W and 1.14 m<sup>2</sup> °C/W for AP<sub>ICB</sub> and AP<sub>XPS</sub> were estimated, respectively, showing promising results in comparison to currently available building materials. |
|---|---|
| ISSN: | 2075-5309 |